[NatureNS] Frozen soil,

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Dear All,
     This winter stands out with respect to deep and prolonged frozen=20
soil; worse than 2017-18. The deep frost penetration of winter of=20
2017-18 wiped out almost all of the wild bees in the Kentville area=20
which overwinter in soil. This winter will finish the job. Weather=20
records do not tell the entire story because, so far as I am aware,=20
depth of frost penetration is not routinely measured.
     The house lot and land upslope is underlain by relatively=20
impermeable soil so one must contend with both surface runoff and=20
underground seepage and for this purpose I have installed a network of=20
underground land tile to supplement a town owned fully enclosed 6"=20
concrete pipe and handle sump pump water and roof gutters. Until this=20
winter, water has flowed from both outlets without interruption. This=20
winter it gradually slowed and stopped in late Feb. when the outlets=20
became fully plugged with ice.
     The town drain started to flow again on Friday and the driveway=20
outlet of my private drain resumed flow late afternoon Saturday Mar. 16.
     One the subject of biological diversity, I suspect that extreme=20
events like these last two winters must tend to shorten the list.
YT. DW, Kentville


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<body>Dear All,<div>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 This winter stands out with respect to de=
ep and prolonged frozen soil; worse than 2017-18. The deep frost penetratio=
n of winter of 2017-18 wiped out almost all of the wild bees in the Kentvil=
le area which overwinter in soil. This winter will finish the job. Weather=
 records do not tell the entire story because, so far as I am aware, depth o=
f frost penetration is not routinely measured.</div><div>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 The=
 house lot and land upslope is underlain by relatively impermeable soil so o=
ne must contend with both surface runoff and underground seepage and for th=
is purpose I have installed a network of underground land tile to supplemen=
t a town owned fully enclosed 6" concrete pipe and handle sump pump water a=
nd roof gutters. Until this winter, water has flowed from both outlets with=
out interruption. This winter it gradually slowed and stopped in late Feb.=
 when the outlets became fully plugged with ice.=C2=A0</div><div>=C2=A0 =C2=
=A0 The town drain started to flow again on Friday and the driveway outlet=
 of my private drain resumed flow late afternoon Saturday Mar. 16.=C2=A0</di=
v><div>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 One the subject of biological diversity, I suspect tha=
t extreme events like these last two winters must tend to shorten the list.=
=C2=A0</div><div>YT. DW, Kentville</div><div>=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0</div><div>=C2=A0 =C2=A0=C2=A0</div></body></html>
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