[NatureNS] High incidence of lyme in NS: forest fragmentation and climate

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Thread-Topic: High incidence of lyme in NS: forest fragmentation and climate
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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2018 12:47:37 +0000
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Apologies for starting  a new string, For reasons I cant figure out, I can'=
t reply to NatureNS at the e-mail address I receive it, and I dont receive =
it at this e-mail address but I can post to NatureNS. So for context, at th=
e bottom of this message.  I have pasted in the string on ticks started by =
DW

I think we need to ask what is it about NS that is so favourable to ticks, =
rather than how did they get here.

There is an excellent overview of the spread of lyme and factors affecting =
it in

"Ticks rising" ("In a warming world, ticks thrive in more places than ever =
before, making Lyme disease the first epidemic of climate change") by Mary =
Beth Pfeiffer "an investigative journalist for three decades, began reporti=
ng on Lyme disease in 2012 for the Poughkeepsie Journal. Her latest book is=
 Lyme: The First Epidemic of Climate Change (2018)." Posted on aeon.co Apr =
2, 2018

EXCERPTS

"Lyme disease has a singular distinction. It is an illness spread by ticks,=
 the EPA report states, whose =18 populations are influenced by many factor=
s, including climate=19.

"In states from Maine to Florida and New York to California, across the bre=
adth of southern Canada and in many parts of Europe, once-sweeping woodland=
s have been reduced and divided, often into idealised forest fragments at t=
he periphery of residential tracts =13 places where people can be close to,=
 support and observe wildlife. Multitudes live, work and play in or near th=
ese green spaces in a new epoch tentatively called the Anthropocene, the er=
a marked by the hand of humanity. The irony is that these adulterated slice=
s of nature and de facto nature preserves are incubators, in many of these =
places, of Lyme disease. The smaller the patch, in fact, the higher the pro=
portion of diseased ticks, as documented in a study in Dutchess County, New=
 York, where the per-capita rate of Lyme disease is among the world=19 s hi=
ghest.

"In these fragments, small mammals, such as white-footed mice in North Amer=
ica and garden dormice in Europe, have found havens, thriving in the absenc=
e of predators such as foxes. In the language of tick-borne disease, the mo=
use is quaintly called a =18 host=19 for ticks and a =18 reservoir=19 of Ly=
me disease, the place where baby ticks, almost too small to be seen, get th=
eir first sip of infection. In city parks, suburban tracts and exurban pres=
erves, people come skin-to-skin with these ticks. In scores of studies, oth=
er environmental factors besides climate change, many controlled by human b=
eings, are pointed to as drivers of this epidemic. The slicing and dicing o=
f forests, and the loss of biodiversity that followed, is surely high on a =
complex and evolving list.

"But while there is no single explanation for the 20th-century emergence of=
 Lyme disease, there is ample evidence that climate change has played no sm=
all part. ..." and then there is lots more on climate warming


The string started by DW:



  *   pce@accesswave.ca<mailto:pce@accesswave.ca>
  *
  *   Today at 8:02 AM

To

  *   naturens@chebucto.ns.ca<mailto:naturens@chebucto.ns.ca>

Message body
There's a map of Lyme Disease risk areas on a federal government web page, =
here:

https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/lyme-disease/risk-=
lyme-disease.html#map
Risk of Lyme disease to Canadians - Canada.ca<https://www.canada.ca/en/publ=
ic-health/services/diseases/lyme-disease/risk-lyme-disease.html#map>
www.canada.ca
Learn about the risks of getting Lyme disease and where in Canada you are m=
ost at risk.




perhaps a little out of date, and a more detailed one for Nova Scotia, here=
:

https://novascotia.ca/dhw/CDPC/lyme.asp
Communicable Diseases - Lyme Disease | novascotia.ca<https://novascotia.ca/=
dhw/CDPC/lyme.asp>
novascotia.ca
Where are the risk areas for Lyme disease in Nova Scotia? Blacklegged ticks=
 survive best in areas that provide a moist habitat, such as wooded or fore=
sted areas, because the trees provide shade, and leaves provide protective =
ground cover.




Just wondering: Do blacklegged ticks really use birds as a means of dispers=
al? That story about birds bringing them into NS doesn't pass the smell tes=
t.

--- Peter Payzant


On 2018-06-15 8:43 AM, Bev Wigney wrote:
John -- Is there a particular migratory path that leads to Nova Scotia?  I'=
m thinking of how there are some bad tick hotspots on the coastal parts of =
the eastern U.S. (like New Jersey) and maybe the birds that pass through th=
ose particular areas are the ones coming here.  Also, I'm wondering about t=
he accuracy of the info about ticks with Lyme being worse here.  I believe =
I saw a map not long ago -- maybe on the CBC website -- showing that New Br=
unswick has some comparably bad Lyme hotspots.
By the way -- so far, this is turning out to be quite a ticky summer around=
 my place and I'm hearing much the same from friends around here (Annapolis=
 Royal).  Normally, the ticks seem to be less by the beginning of July.  Ho=
pe that will be the case this summer.

Bev

On Fri, Jun 15, 2018 at 8:07 AM, John Kearney <john.kearney@ns.sympatico.ca=
<mailto:john.kearney@ns.sympatico.ca>> wrote:

Hi David and all,

That=92s a very good question. I=92ve heard the same reason given for why w=
e have the Hemlock Woolley Adelgid in Nova Scotia but not in northern Maine=
 and New Brunswick. I=92m not aware of any evidence indicating that more sp=
ring migrants fly to Nova Scotia than Maine or New Brunswick.

John



From: naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca<mailto:naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca> <=
naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca<mailto:naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca> > On Be=
half Of David
Sent: Thursday, June 14, 2018 17:10
To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca<mailto:naturens@chebucto.ns.ca>
Subject: [NatureNS] Lyme disease



Dear All,

    In the July issue of Maclean's (p.17) are interesting data on Lyme dise=
ase incidence in Canada. The much higher incidence in NS, 21.5 times as hig=
h as the average incidence in the other nine provinces, is attributed to "c=
limate and the large number of migratory birds carrying ticks from the US."

    I don't follow why NS would be hit the hardest.

Yt, DW



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252">
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<body dir=3D"ltr">
<div id=3D"divtagdefaultwrapper" style=3D"font-size:12pt;color:#000000;font=
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<div>
<div class=3D"x_gmail_extra">
<div class=3D"x_gmail_quote">
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<span style=3D"font-size: 9pt;">Apologies for starting&nbsp; a new string, =
For reasons I cant figure out, I can't reply to NatureNS at the e-mail addr=
ess I receive it, and I dont receive it at this e-mail address but I can po=
st to NatureNS. So for context,&nbsp;<span style=3D"font-family: Calibri, H=
elvetica, sans-serif, Helvetica, EmojiFont, &quot;Apple Color Emoji&quot;, =
&quot;Segoe UI Emoji&quot;, NotoColorEmoji, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &q=
uot;Android Emoji&quot;, EmojiSymbols; font-size: 12px;">at
 the bottom of this message.</span>&nbsp; I have pasted in the string on ti=
cks started by DW&nbsp;</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<br>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
I think we need to ask what is it about NS that is so favourable to ticks, =
rather than how did they get here.</blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<br>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
There is an excellent overview of the spread of lyme and factors affecting =
it in&nbsp;</blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<br>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standard; te=
xt-size-adjust: auto;"><b>&quot;Ticks rising&quot;</b>&nbsp;(&quot;In a war=
ming world, ticks thrive in more places than ever before, making Lyme disea=
se the first epidemic of climate change&quot;) by Mary Beth
 Pfeiffer &quot;an investigative journalist for three decades, began report=
ing on Lyme disease in 2012 for the Poughkeepsie Journal. Her latest book i=
s Lyme: The First Epidemic of Climate Change (2018).&quot; Posted on aeon.c=
o Apr 2, 2018&nbsp;</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standard; te=
xt-size-adjust: auto;"><br>
</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standard; te=
xt-size-adjust: auto;">EXCERPTS</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standard; te=
xt-size-adjust: auto;"><br>
</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standard; te=
xt-size-adjust: auto;">&quot;Lyme disease has a singular distinction. It is=
 an illness spread by ticks, the EPA report states, whose &#24; populations=
 are influenced by many factors, including
 climate&#25;.</span><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -=
webkit-standard; text-size-adjust: auto;">
<br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standard; text=
-size-adjust: auto;">
<span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standard; te=
xt-size-adjust: auto;">&quot;In states from Maine to Florida and New York t=
o California, across the breadth of southern Canada and in many parts of Eu=
rope, once-sweeping woodlands have been
 reduced and divided, often into idealised forest fragments at the peripher=
y of residential tracts &#19; places where people can be close to, support =
and observe wildlife. Multitudes live, work and play in or near these green=
 spaces in a new epoch tentatively called
 the Anthropocene, the era marked by the hand of humanity. The irony is tha=
t these adulterated slices of nature and de facto nature preserves are incu=
bators, in many of these places, of Lyme disease. The smaller the patch, in=
 fact, the higher the proportion
 of diseased ticks, as documented in a study in Dutchess County, New York, =
where the per-capita rate of Lyme disease is among the world&#25; s highest=
.</span><br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standa=
rd; text-size-adjust: auto;">
<br style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standard; text=
-size-adjust: auto;">
<span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standard; te=
xt-size-adjust: auto;">&quot;In these fragments, small mammals, such as whi=
te-footed mice in North America and garden dormice in Europe, have found ha=
vens, thriving in the absence of predators
 such as foxes. In the language of tick-borne disease, the mouse is quaintl=
y called a &#24; host&#25; for ticks and a &#24; reservoir&#25; of Lyme dis=
ease, the place where baby ticks, almost too small to be seen, get their fi=
rst sip of infection. In city parks, suburban tracts
 and exurban preserves, people come skin-to-skin with these ticks. <b>In sc=
ores of studies, other environmental factors besides climate change, many c=
ontrolled by human beings, are pointed to as drivers of this epidemic. The =
slicing and dicing of forests, and
 the loss of biodiversity that followed, is surely high on a complex and ev=
olving list.&nbsp;</b></span></blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standard; te=
xt-size-adjust: auto;"><br>
</span></blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<span style=3D"caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: -webkit-standard; te=
xt-size-adjust: auto;">&quot;But while there is no single explanation for t=
he 20th-century emergence of Lyme disease,
<b>there is ample evidence that climate change has played no small part</b>=
. ...&quot; and then there is lots more on climate warming</span><br>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<br>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<br>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
The string started by DW:</blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<br>
</blockquote>
<blockquote class=3D"x_gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left=
:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<br>
</blockquote>
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:1px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
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<h3 class=3D"offscreen" style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 14px; font-weight:=
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Message body</h3>
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 break-word;">
<div id=3D"yiv6588833156">
<div id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8351">There's a map of Lyme Dise=
ase risk areas on a federal government web page, here:<br clear=3D"none">
<br clear=3D"none">
<a rel=3D"nofollow" shape=3D"rect" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"https://www.ca=
nada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/lyme-disease/risk-lyme-disease.h=
tml#map" id=3D"LPlnk501455" style=3D"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background:=
 transparent; color: rgb(25, 106, 212); outline: none;" class=3D"OWAAutoLin=
k" previewremoved=3D"true">https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/=
diseases/lyme-disease/risk-lyme-disease.html#map</a>
<div id=3D"LPBorder_GT_15290662421760.6898460590796909" style=3D"margin-bot=
tom: 20px; overflow: auto; width: 100%; text-indent: 0px;">
<table id=3D"LPContainer_15290662421700.966481488661423" role=3D"presentati=
on" cellspacing=3D"0" style=3D"width: 90%; background-color: rgb(255, 255, =
255); position: relative; overflow: auto; padding-top: 20px; padding-bottom=
: 20px; margin-top: 20px; border-top: 1px dotted rgb(200, 200, 200); border=
-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(200, 200, 200);">
<tbody>
<tr valign=3D"top" style=3D"border-spacing: 0px;">
<td id=3D"TextCell_15290662421730.7340155548533847" colspan=3D"2" style=3D"=
vertical-align: top; position: relative; padding: 0px; display: table-cell;=
">
<div id=3D"LPRemovePreviewContainer_15290662421730.3304906579627529"></div>
<div id=3D"LPTitle_15290662421730.7450704985248602" style=3D"top: 0px; colo=
r: rgb(0, 120, 215); font-weight: 400; font-size: 21px; font-family: wf_seg=
oe-ui_light, &quot;Segoe UI Light&quot;, &quot;Segoe WP Light&quot;, &quot;=
Segoe UI&quot;, &quot;Segoe WP&quot;, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; line-heigh=
t: 21px;">
<a id=3D"LPUrlAnchor_15290662421740.8336238384857648" href=3D"https://www.c=
anada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/lyme-disease/risk-lyme-disease.=
html#map" target=3D"_blank" style=3D"text-decoration: none;">Risk of Lyme d=
isease to Canadians - Canada.ca</a></div>
<div id=3D"LPMetadata_15290662421750.4581113928205378" style=3D"margin: 10p=
x 0px 16px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-weight: 400; font-family: wf_se=
goe-ui_normal, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, &quot;Segoe WP&quot;, Tahoma, Arial, s=
ans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 14px;">
www.canada.ca</div>
<div id=3D"LPDescription_15290662421750.4158420656366266" style=3D"display:=
 block; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-weight: 400; font-family: wf_segoe-=
ui_normal, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, &quot;Segoe WP&quot;, Tahoma, Arial, sans-=
serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; max-height: 100px; overflow: hid=
den;">
Learn about the risks of getting Lyme disease and where in Canada you are m=
ost at risk.</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<br>
<br clear=3D"none">
<br clear=3D"none">
perhaps a little out of date, and a more detailed one for Nova Scotia, here=
:&nbsp;<br clear=3D"none">
<br clear=3D"none">
<a rel=3D"nofollow" shape=3D"rect" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"https://novasc=
otia.ca/dhw/CDPC/lyme.asp" id=3D"LPlnk697734" style=3D"margin: 0px; padding=
: 0px; background: transparent; color: rgb(25, 106, 212); outline: none;" c=
lass=3D"OWAAutoLink" previewremoved=3D"true">https://novascotia.ca/dhw/CDPC=
/lyme.asp</a>
<div id=3D"LPBorder_GT_15290662725760.8285281191588696" style=3D"margin-bot=
tom: 20px; overflow: auto; width: 100%; text-indent: 0px;">
<table id=3D"LPContainer_15290662725720.3058768024454406" role=3D"presentat=
ion" cellspacing=3D"0" style=3D"width: 90%; background-color: rgb(255, 255,=
 255); position: relative; overflow: auto; padding-top: 20px; padding-botto=
m: 20px; margin-top: 20px; border-top: 1px dotted rgb(200, 200, 200); borde=
r-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(200, 200, 200);">
<tbody>
<tr valign=3D"top" style=3D"border-spacing: 0px;">
<td id=3D"TextCell_15290662725730.572031606234793" colspan=3D"2" style=3D"v=
ertical-align: top; position: relative; padding: 0px; display: table-cell;"=
>
<div id=3D"LPRemovePreviewContainer_15290662725740.3842975989106745"></div>
<div id=3D"LPTitle_15290662725740.7817069336795799" style=3D"top: 0px; colo=
r: rgb(0, 120, 215); font-weight: 400; font-size: 21px; font-family: wf_seg=
oe-ui_light, &quot;Segoe UI Light&quot;, &quot;Segoe WP Light&quot;, &quot;=
Segoe UI&quot;, &quot;Segoe WP&quot;, Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; line-heigh=
t: 21px;">
<a id=3D"LPUrlAnchor_15290662725740.8867117761760204" href=3D"https://novas=
cotia.ca/dhw/CDPC/lyme.asp" target=3D"_blank" style=3D"text-decoration: non=
e;">Communicable Diseases - Lyme Disease | novascotia.ca</a></div>
<div id=3D"LPMetadata_15290662725740.6843877209102827" style=3D"margin: 10p=
x 0px 16px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-weight: 400; font-family: wf_se=
goe-ui_normal, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, &quot;Segoe WP&quot;, Tahoma, Arial, s=
ans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 14px;">
novascotia.ca</div>
<div id=3D"LPDescription_15290662725750.9126497375970677" style=3D"display:=
 block; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-weight: 400; font-family: wf_segoe-=
ui_normal, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, &quot;Segoe WP&quot;, Tahoma, Arial, sans-=
serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 20px; max-height: 100px; overflow: hid=
den;">
Where are the risk areas for Lyme disease in Nova Scotia? Blacklegged ticks=
 survive best in areas that provide a moist habitat, such as wooded or fore=
sted areas, because the trees provide shade, and leaves provide protective =
ground cover.</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<br>
<br clear=3D"none">
<br clear=3D"none">
Just wondering: Do blacklegged ticks really use birds as a means of dispers=
al? That story about birds bringing them into NS doesn't pass the smell tes=
t.<br clear=3D"none">
<br clear=3D"none">
--- Peter Payzant<br clear=3D"none">
<br clear=3D"none">
<br clear=3D"none">
<div class=3D"yiv6588833156yqt4972128006" id=3D"yiv6588833156yqt35882">
<div class=3D"yiv6588833156moz-cite-prefix" id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065=
853713_8425">
On 2018-06-15 8:43 AM, Bev Wigney wrote:<br clear=3D"none">
</div>
<blockquote type=3D"cite" id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8427" style=
=3D"margin: 1em;">
<div dir=3D"ltr" id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8426">John -- Is the=
re a particular migratory path that leads to Nova Scotia?&nbsp; I'm thinkin=
g of how there are some bad tick hotspots on the coastal parts of the easte=
rn U.S. (like New Jersey) and maybe the birds
 that pass through those particular areas are the ones coming here.&nbsp; A=
lso, I'm wondering about the accuracy of the info about ticks with Lyme bei=
ng worse here.&nbsp; I believe I saw a map not long ago -- maybe on the CBC=
 website -- showing that New Brunswick has
 some comparably bad Lyme hotspots.&nbsp;
<div id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8428">By the way -- so far, this=
 is turning out to be quite a ticky summer around my place and I'm hearing =
much the same from friends around here (Annapolis Royal).&nbsp; Normally, t=
he ticks seem to be less by the beginning
 of July.&nbsp; Hope that will be the case this summer. &nbsp;<br clear=3D"=
none">
<div id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8430">
<div id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8456"><br clear=3D"none">
</div>
<div id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8429">Bev</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class=3D"yiv6588833156gmail_extra" id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_15290658537=
13_8432"><br clear=3D"none">
<div class=3D"yiv6588833156gmail_quote" id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_15290658537=
13_8431">On Fri, Jun 15, 2018 at 8:07 AM, John Kearney&nbsp;<span dir=3D"lt=
r">&lt;<a rel=3D"nofollow" shape=3D"rect" ymailto=3D"mailto:john.kearney@ns=
.sympatico.ca" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"mailto:john.kearney@ns.sympatico.c=
a" style=3D"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-image: initial; backgroun=
d-" id=3D"LPlnk270333" class=3D"OWAAutoLink" previewremoved=3D"true">john.k=
earney@ns.sympatico.ca</a>&gt;</span>&nbsp;wrote:<br clear=3D"none">
<blockquote class=3D"yiv6588833156gmail_quote" id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529=
065853713_8438" style=3D"margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; border-left: 1px solid =
rgb(204, 204, 204); padding-left: 1ex;">
<div lang=3D"EN-CA" id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8437">
<div class=3D"yiv6588833156m_-8476095248633839924WordSection1" id=3D"yui_3_=
16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8436">
<p class=3D"yiv6588833156MsoNormal" id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8=
435" style=3D"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">
Hi David and all,</p>
<p class=3D"yiv6588833156MsoNormal" id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8=
440" style=3D"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8439">That=92s a very good ques=
tion. I=92ve heard the same reason given for why we have the Hemlock Woolle=
y Adelgid in Nova Scotia but not in northern Maine and New Brunswick. I=92m=
 not aware of any evidence indicating that
 more spring migrants fly to Nova Scotia than Maine or New Brunswick.</span=
></p>
<p class=3D"yiv6588833156MsoNormal" id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8=
441" style=3D"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">
John</p>
<p class=3D"yiv6588833156MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-right: 0px; margin-left=
: 0px; padding: 0px;">
&nbsp;</p>
<div id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8443">
<div id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8442" style=3D"border-right: non=
e; border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-image: initial; border-to=
p: 1pt solid rgb(225, 225, 225); padding: 3pt 0cm 0cm;">
<p class=3D"yiv6588833156MsoNormal" id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8=
446" style=3D"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<b><span lang=3D"EN-US">From:</span></b><span lang=3D"EN-US" id=3D"yui_3_16=
_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8445">&nbsp;<a rel=3D"nofollow" shape=3D"rect" ymai=
lto=3D"mailto:naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"mail=
to:naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca" style=3D"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; backg=
round-image: initial; background-" id=3D"LPlnk898354" class=3D"OWAAutoLink"=
 previewremoved=3D"true">naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca</a>&nbsp;&lt;<a rel=
=3D"nofollow" shape=3D"rect" ymailto=3D"mailto:naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.c=
a" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"mailto:naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca" id=3D"LP=
lnk117893" style=3D"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-image: initial; b=
ackground-" class=3D"OWAAutoLink" previewremoved=3D"true">naturens-owner@ch=
ebucto.ns.ca</a>&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;<b>On
 Behalf Of&nbsp;</b>David<br clear=3D"none">
<b>Sent:</b>&nbsp;Thursday, June 14, 2018 17:10<br clear=3D"none">
<b>To:</b>&nbsp;<a rel=3D"nofollow" shape=3D"rect" ymailto=3D"mailto:nature=
ns@chebucto.ns.ca" target=3D"_blank" href=3D"mailto:naturens@chebucto.ns.ca=
" style=3D"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-image: initial; background=
-" id=3D"LPlnk397604" class=3D"OWAAutoLink" previewremoved=3D"true">naturen=
s@chebucto.ns.ca</a><br clear=3D"none">
<b>Subject:</b>&nbsp;[NatureNS] Lyme disease</span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=3D"yiv6588833156MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-right: 0px; margin-left=
: 0px; padding: 0px;">
&nbsp;</p>
<p class=3D"yiv6588833156MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-right: 0px; margin-left=
: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">Dear All,</span></p>
<div id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8455">
<p class=3D"yiv6588833156MsoNormal" id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8=
454" style=3D"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8453" style=3D"font-size: 12pt;=
">&nbsp; &nbsp; In the July issue of Maclean's (p.17) are interesting data =
on Lyme disease incidence in Canada. The much higher incidence in NS, 21.5 =
times as high as the average incidence in the
 other nine provinces, is attributed to &quot;climate and the large number =
of migratory birds carrying ticks from the US.&quot;</span></p>
</div>
<div id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8452">
<p class=3D"yiv6588833156MsoNormal" id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8=
451" style=3D"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8450" style=3D"font-size: 12pt;=
">&nbsp; &nbsp; I don't follow why NS would be hit the hardest.</span></p>
</div>
<div id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8448">
<p class=3D"yiv6588833156MsoNormal" id=3D"yui_3_16_0_ym19_1_1529065853713_8=
447" style=3D"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style=3D"font-size: 12pt;">Yt, DW</span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br clear=3D"none">
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
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