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s trilobum=3D This is a multipart message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_002B_01D15D9A.006B6500 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hi All, A paper by Witmer in the journal Ecology in 2001 relates that Cedar = Waxwings are one of the primary consumers of high bush cranberries in = the late winter/early spring. The study indicated that high bush = cranberries are a rich source of energy for the waxwings but were = nitrogen deficient. Birds feeding only on these berries lost body mass. = Waxwings that interrupted feeding on cranberries to feed on emerging = male catkins maintained body weight. Bohemian Waxwings also eat high = bush cranberry in winter/early spring. European studies show that they = supplement this diet with high protein foods such as tree/flower buds, = insects, and snails. The Witmer study noted that persistent fruits like = high bush cranberry contain chemicals the promote persistence by = antimicrobial activity that may reduce palatability and create = =E2=80=9Ca physiological mandate=E2=80=9D for supplemental protein. John =20 From: naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca = [mailto:naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca] On Behalf Of = rita.paul@ns.sympatico.ca Sent: February-02-16 08:08 To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca Subject: RE: [NatureNS] re high-bush cranberries & cedar waxwings and = creepers =20 here on the South Shore Donna we have an apple=20 tree covered with frozen apples. Lately the Waxwings - Cedar -=20 and the Robins have been feasting on it.=20 Seems they like it best on a cold day.=20 I hope your cold is better soon.=20 Did you see any Ground Hogs today?=20 Paul=20 =20 On February 1, 2016 at 7:34 PM Donna Crossland <dcrossland@eastlink.ca> = wrote:=20 I=E2=80=99ll have to think on the fruit side of things, Jim. There were = some apple orchards not harvested this year... I don=E2=80=99t have much = hawthorn (though every other prickly bush known to mankind seems to = thrive here, including lots of the invasive multiflora rose!!), and no = mountain ash. =20 =20 I noted that the Times & Transcript (Moncton paper, Jan 30th)) stated in = =E2=80=9CThe birdman=E2=80=9D by Dwayne Biggar: =E2=80=9COur usual = winter waxwing is the bohemian, but this winter there=E2=80=99s been = large flocks of cedar reported and photographed. We often see a few = cedars mixed in, but this year there are some good flocks in the Moncton = and Riverview... or one flock that=E2=80=99s really getting = around...=E2=80=9D =20 On my way to the drug store today with a nasty cold, I noted a very = large flock of waxwings sitting on the wires. I thought first they were = starlings. I was too miserable to turn back and investigate the mix to = make sure they were all cedar waxwings. Their high pitched breezy = vocalizations penetrated my car as I drove by. Nice. =20 Donna =20 From: naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca = [mailto:naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca] On Behalf Of Jim Wolford Sent: February-01-16 5:46 PM To: naturens Subject: [NatureNS] re high-bush cranberries & cedar waxwings and = creepers =20 Very interesting, Donna, thanks, but a bit puzzling to this naturalist. = In the Wolfville area, high-bush cranberries often last for most or all = of the winter, providing some nice colour against the snowy landscape. = My impression has been that they are somehow less palatable than the = other wild fruits like mountain-ash or hawthorns or others. Thus I am = wondering if, in Donna=E2=80=99s area, either Bridgetown or near = Keji=E2=80=99 Park, some of the wild fruits are already depleted? =20 Cheers from JIm in Wolfville. =20 P.S. Since my earlier report of unidentified waxwings here (perhaps = cedars?), no others have been reported lately (that I have heard about). = =20 Begin forwarded message: =20 From: Donna Crossland <dcrossland@eastlink.ca> Subject: [NatureNS] cedar waxwings and creepers Date: February 1, 2016 at 3:05:17 PM AST To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca Reply-To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca =20 I came across a flock of ~ 25 cedar waxwings on a =E2=80=98spring = walk=E2=80=99 today. They were consuming our high bush cranberries = with gusto. One swallowed 5 berries in a row, then took off. I = returned with binoculars, and confirmed that there was not a single = Bohemian among them. A brown creeper and a group of chickadees all = seemed to be attracted to the festivity, and all matching the same high = pitches emitted by the cedar waxwings. There are lots of Canada holly = berries this year as well, but the high bush cranberries were getting = all of the attention. =20 Donna Crossland =20 =20 ------=_NextPart_000_002B_01D15D9A.006B6500 Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable <html xmlns:v=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" = xmlns:o=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" = xmlns:w=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" = xmlns:m=3D"http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" = xmlns=3D"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"><head><meta = http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dutf-8"><meta = name=3DGenerator content=3D"Microsoft Word 14 (filtered = medium)"><style><!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:Helvetica; panose-1:2 11 6 4 2 2 2 2 2 4;} @font-face {font-family:Helvetica; panose-1:2 11 6 4 2 2 2 2 2 4;} @font-face {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;} @font-face {font-family:Tahoma; panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";} a:link, span.MsoHyperlink {mso-style-priority:99; color:blue; text-decoration:underline;} a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed {mso-style-priority:99; color:purple; text-decoration:underline;} p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate {mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-link:"Balloon Text Char"; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";} span.BalloonTextChar {mso-style-name:"Balloon Text Char"; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-link:"Balloon Text"; font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";} p.msochpdefault, li.msochpdefault, div.msochpdefault {mso-style-name:msochpdefault; mso-margin-top-alt:auto; margin-right:0cm; mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; margin-left:0cm; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";} span.balloontextchar0 {mso-style-name:balloontextchar; font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";} span.emailstyle19 {mso-style-name:emailstyle19; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; color: