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I see Ground-nut along the Lahave in various places.
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No doubt the indigenous groups would have used the river for transportation
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but I always thought it was a sign that the areas were never cultivated.
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Enjoy the summer
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Paul
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On September 10, 2015 at 9:05 AM David Patriquin <davidgpatriquin@yahoo.ca> wrote:
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 A few days ago while on a walk at the Duncan's Cove Nature Reserve,   I checked out a site at  where I had seen Apios americana about 5 years ago. It is approx. 100 m past the iron fence when you set out on a walk of the Nature Reserve, on both sides of the road, and there is a stream underneath. It was abundant and in full bloom. 
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I checked the e-flora (Nova Scotia Plants)
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Under the section on THE FLORAL ELEMENTS OF NOVA SCOTIA it cites this species as one possibly introduced by indigenous groups:
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"The final floral element, the introduced plants and weeds, is distinguished by its lack of
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any single area of origin or of any particular habitat type. Although "introduced" is often a
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synonym for exotic, MacDougall (2003) discusses the evidence for northward introductions of
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plants by indigenous groups during the Holocene. Indeed, some extremely patchy distributions
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in Nova Scotia (e.g. Zizia aurea, golden alexanders; Allium tricoccum, wild leek) as well as wide
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distributions of species with poor reproductive abilities (Apios americana, groundnut; Fraxinus
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nigra, black ash) give credence to this process."
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Under Apios americana: "Rarely produces seeds. Produces a series of edible tubers prized by
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aboriginal people....Common in the southwest and scattered to Cumberland and
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Antigonish counties. Absent along the Atlantic coast."
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So I am wondering (i) are there any other reports of this species in Duncan's Cove or elsewhere on the Atlantic coast; (ii) its possible origin - what do we know about early First Nations peoples in that area?
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I plan to go back there and check for other species that might have been cultivated or utilized by early First nations peoples.
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