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--Boundary_(ID_GjbqqNen451iqmm8J2umTQ) Content-type: text/plain; CHARSET=US-ASCII; delsp=yes; format=flowed Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Sept. 11, 2010 - At dusk at home at our feeders, I saw some cardinal behaviour that I have heard about but never yet witnessed. Presumably the same juvenile cardinal seen yesterday for the first time, showed up with a red adult male cardinal. The juvenile sat in the bushes in one spot while its father? repeatedly went to a sunflower-seed feeder and then flew to the juvenile. I couldn't see the actual feeding, but I'm quite sure the male was feeding the full- grown and fully fledged juvenile. I have mentioned this behaviour before as a nesting-season adaptation in a multi-brooded species. Once a brood is fledged, having the father feed the juveniles frees up the female to sooner start the next nesting cycle with a nest and new eggs, so that it might be easier for one pair to make two or three or more attempts at producing young. And we have documented three successful broods in one summer in both Canning and Wolfville for cardinals. In Canning it was Merritt and Glenys Gibson with Ian Paterson who observed this, and Jake MacDonald in east Wolfville. Cheers from Jim in Wolfville Jim (James W.) Wolford 91 Wickwire Ave. Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada B4P 1W3 phone 902-542-9204 e-mail <jimwolford@eastlink.ca> "In wildness is the preservation of the world" -- Henry David Thoreau "A man is rich in proportion to the number of things he can afford to let alone" -- Henry David Thoreau --Boundary_(ID_GjbqqNen451iqmm8J2umTQ) Content-type: text/html; CHARSET=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable <html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; = -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">Sept. 11, 2010 - <span = class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; = ">At dusk at home at our feeders, I saw some </span><span = class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; = "><b>cardinal behaviour</b></span><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" = style=3D"font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; "> that I have heard about = but never yet witnessed. Presumably the same</span><span = class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; = "><b> juvenile cardinal</b></span><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" = style=3D"font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; "> seen yesterday for the = first time, showed up with a </span><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" = style=3D"font-family: Arial; font-size: 17px; "><b>red adult male = cardinal</b></span><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family: = Arial; font-size: 17px; ">. The juvenile sat in the bushes in one = spot while its father? repeatedly went to a sunflower-seed feeder and = then flew to the juvenile. I couldn't see the actual feeding, but = I'm quite sure the male was feeding the full-grown and fully fledged = juvenile. </span><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; = margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal = 17.3px/normal Arial; min-height: 21px; "><br></div><div = style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; = margin-left: 0px; "><font face=3D"Arial" size=3D"5" style=3D"font: = 17.3px Arial">I have mentioned this behaviour before as a = <b>nesting-season adaptation in a multi-brooded species</b>. Once = a brood is fledged, having the father feed the juveniles frees up the = female to sooner start the next nesting cycle with a nest and new eggs, = so that it might be easier for one pair to make two or three or more = attempts at producing young. And we have documented three = successful broods in one summer in both Canning and Wolfville for = cardinals. In Canning it was Merritt and Glenys Gibson with Ian = Paterson who observed this, and Jake MacDonald in east = Wolfville.</font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; = margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face=3D"Arial" size=3D"5" = style=3D"font: 17.3px Arial"><br></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: = 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font = face=3D"Arial" size=3D"5" style=3D"font: 17.3px Arial"><div = style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; = margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 17.3px/normal Arial; = min-height: 21px; "><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family:= Helvetica; font-size: 12px; ">Cheers from Jim in = Wolfville</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; = margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal = 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div = style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; = margin-left: 0px; "><font face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3" style=3D"font: = 12.0px Helvetica">Jim (James W.) Wolford</font></div><div = style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; = margin-left: 0px; "><font face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3" style=3D"font: = 12.0px Helvetica">91 Wickwire Ave.</font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: = 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font = face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3" style=3D"font: 12.0px = Helvetica">Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada</font></div><div = style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; = margin-left: 0px; "><font face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3" style=3D"font: = 12.0px Helvetica">B4P 1W3</font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; = margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal = normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div = style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; = margin-left: 0px; "><font face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3" style=3D"font: = 12.0px Helvetica">phone 902-542-9204</font></div><div style=3D"margin-top:= 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font = face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3" style=3D"font: 12.0px Helvetica">e-mail = <<a = href=3D"mailto:jimwolford@eastlink.ca">jimwolford@eastlink.ca</a>></fon= t></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: = 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; = min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; = margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font = face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3" style=3D"font: 12.0px Helvetica">"In = wildness is the preservation of the world" -- Henry David = Thoreau</font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; = margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal = 12px/normal Helvetica; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div = style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; = margin-left: 0px; "><font face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3" style=3D"font: = 12.0px Helvetica">"A man is rich in proportion to the number of things = he can afford to let alone" -- Henry David = Thoreau</font></div></font></div></body></html>= --Boundary_(ID_GjbqqNen451iqmm8J2umTQ)--
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