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--Boundary_(ID_Gexe6wMVNX8A8VfBWDrUrQ)
Content-type: text/plain; charset=windows-1250
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Thanks Chris!
=20
-----Original Message-----
From: naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca =
[mailto:naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca]
On Behalf Of Christopher Majka
Sent: Monday, August 04, 2008 9:54 PM
To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca
Subject: Re: [NatureNS] Red Tide?? Interesting Walk on Carter's Beach at
Night
=20
Hi Cindy,
=20
Small luminescent green specks of this sort are caused by bioluminescent
dinoflagellates such as Lingulodinium polyedrum. This dinoflagellate =
does
contain saxitoxin, one of the toxins associated with PSP (Paralytic
Shellfish Poisoning). =20
=20
"Red tides" are a colloquial name for marine algal blooms. =
Dinoflagellates
are important constituents of such blooms, as are other types of
phytoplankton such as diatoms and cyanobacteria. The colour of these can =
be
reddish (or not) and there is no real association with tides, so "algal
bloom" is a better term. "Red tides" are often associated with
dinoflagellates such as Karenia brevis and Pfiesteria spp. which =
release
potent neurotoxins called brevetoxins which can kill fish, birds, marine
mammals, and other organisms (including people, if they ingest things =
like
shellfish which have accumulated the neurotoxins).
=20
In any event, although both phenomena have dinoflagellates in common, =
they
are not necessarily the same. The following pages all have useful
information.
=20
HYPERLINK
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_tide"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_t=
ide
HYPERLINK
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinoflagellate"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki=
/Di
noflagellate
HYPERLINK
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioluminescence"http://en.wikipedia.org/wik=
i/B
ioluminescence
HYPERLINK
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karenia_brevis"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki=
/Ka
renia_brevis
HYPERLINK
"http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/FieldCourses00/PapersMarineEcologyArticl=
es/
WhatsGlowingintheWaterBio.html"http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/FieldCours=
es0
0/PapersMarineEcologyArticles/WhatsGlowingintheWaterBio.html
=20
Cheers!
=20
Chris
=20
On 4-Aug-08, at 1:50 PM, Cindy Creighton wrote:
Hi All:
=20
Jeff and I were walking on Carter=92s Beach in Port Mouton at night on
Saturday night and we saw a very interesting sight =96 little =
luminescent
green specks in the sand with the incoming tide. We saw them right at =
the
water=92s edge, when a wave receded these things were left behind. We =
tried
to pick some up to figure out what they were using a flashlight to go
through the grains of sand, and all I could see was a little white thing
that looked a piece of a shell, but it was very flat and elongated. =
Once
disturbed by me shining the light on it and sorting through the sand =
with my
finger it stopped glowing. I did a Google search to try and find out =
what
they were and Red Tide kept coming up. Could this be a red tide?
=20
Shorebird question:
=20
I=92ve been going to Carter=92s Beach for years and there are Willets =
that breed
there every year. When we were there in July, we saw the Willets and =
their
fledglings feeding in the marsh behind the beach. This time, there was =
no
sign of any of them. Would they have headed south already? Also, we =
didn=92t
see any shorebirds of any type here. Why would shorebirds not be =
present on
this beach? Do they follow certain migratory paths and Carter=92s Beach
happens to be outside that path? Or maybe it=92s too early yet?
=20
As a side note, the birds we did see here were:
=20
Common Nighthawk
Common Terns
Great Black-backed Gulls
Herring Gulls
DC Cormorant
Song Sparrows
=20
Cheers,
Cindy
=20
No virus found in this outgoing message.
Checked by AVG.
Version: 7.5.524 / Virus Database: 270.5.6/1579 - Release Date: =
7/29/2008
6:43 AM
=20
Christopher Majka
Nova Scotia Museum, 1747 Summer St., Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H =
3A6
HYPERLINK "mailto:c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca"c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca
=20
=20
No virus found in this incoming message.
Checked by AVG.
Version: 7.5.524 / Virus Database: 270.5.6/1579 - Release Date: =
7/29/2008
6:43 AM
No virus found in this outgoing message.
Checked by AVG.=20
Version: 7.5.524 / Virus Database: 270.5.6/1579 - Release Date: =
7/29/2008
6:43 AM
=20
--Boundary_(ID_Gexe6wMVNX8A8VfBWDrUrQ)
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<div class=3DSection1>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Thanks Chris!</span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'> </span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
face=3DTahoma><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>-----Original =
Message-----<br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>From:</span></b>
naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca [mailto:naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca] =
<b><span
style=3D'font-weight:bold'>On Behalf Of </span></b>Christopher Majka<br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Monday, August 04, =
2008 9:54
PM<br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> =
naturens@chebucto.ns.ca<br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [NatureNS] =
Red Tide??
Interesting Walk on Carter's Beach at Night</span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>Hi Cindy,</span></font></p>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>Small luminescent green specks of this sort =
are caused
by bioluminescent dinoflagellates such as <i><span =
style=3D'font-style:italic'>Lingulodinium
polyedrum</span></i>. This dinoflagellate does contain saxitoxin, =
one of
the toxins associated with PSP (Paralytic Shellfish =
Poisoning). </span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>"Red tides" are a colloquial name =
for marine
algal blooms. Dinoflagellates are important constituents of such blooms, =
as are
other types of phytoplankton such as diatoms and cyanobacteria. The =
colour of
these can be reddish (or not) and there is no real association with =
tides, so
"algal bloom" is a better term. "Red tides" are
often associated with dinoflagellates such as <i><span
style=3D'font-style:italic'>Karenia brevis</span></i> and <i><span
style=3D'font-style:italic'>Pfiesteria</span></i> spp. which =
release
potent neurotoxins called brevetoxins which can =
kill fish,
birds, marine mammals, and other organisms (including people, if they =
ingest
things like shellfish which have accumulated the =
neurotoxins).</span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>In any event, although both phenomena have
dinoflagellates in common, they are not necessarily the same. The =
following
pages all have useful information.</span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><a =
href=3D"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_tide">http://en.wikipedia.org/wi=
ki/Red_tide</a></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><a =
href=3D"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinoflagellate">http://en.wikipedia.=
org/wiki/Dinoflagellate</a></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><a =
href=3D"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioluminescence">http://en.wikipedia=
.org/wiki/Bioluminescence</a></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><a =
href=3D"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karenia_brevis">http://en.wikipedia.=
org/wiki/Karenia_brevis</a></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><a
href=3D"http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/FieldCourses00/PapersMarineEcolog=
yArticles/WhatsGlowingintheWaterBio.html">http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu=
/FieldCourses00/PapersMarineEcologyArticles/WhatsGlowingintheWaterBio.htm=
l</a></span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>Cheers!</span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>Chris</span></font></p>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>On 4-Aug-08, at 1:50 PM, Cindy Creighton =
wrote:</span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><br>
<br>
</span></font></p>
<span style=3D'orphans: 2;text-align:auto;widows: =
2;-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: =
none;
-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;-webkit-text-stroke-width: =
0;word-spacing:0px'>
<div link=3Dblue vlink=3Dpurple>
<div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Hi =
All:</span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'> </span></f=
ont></p>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Jeff
and I were walking on Carter=92s Beach in Port Mouton at night on =
Saturday night
and we saw a very interesting sight =96 little luminescent green specks =
in the
sand with the incoming tide. We saw them right at the water=92s =
edge, when
a wave receded these things were left behind. We tried to pick =
some up to
figure out what they were using a flashlight to go through the grains of =
sand,
and all I could see was a little white thing that looked a piece of a =
shell,
but it was very flat and elongated. Once disturbed by me shining =
the
light on it and sorting through the sand with my finger it stopped
glowing. I did a Google search to try and find out what they were =
and Red
Tide kept coming up. Could this be a red tide?</span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'> </span></f=
ont></p>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Shorebird
question:</span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'> </span></f=
ont></p>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>I=92ve
been going to Carter=92s Beach for years and there are Willets that =
breed there
every year. When we were there in July, we saw the Willets and =
their
fledglings feeding in the marsh behind the beach. This time, there =
was no
sign of any of them. Would they have headed south already? =
Also, we
didn=92t see any shorebirds of any type here. Why would shorebirds =
not be
present on this beach? Do they follow certain migratory paths and
Carter=92s Beach happens to be outside that path? Or maybe it=92s =
too early
yet?</span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'> </span></f=
ont></p>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>As a
side note, the birds we did see here were:</span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'> </span></f=
ont></p>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Common
Nighthawk</span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Common
Terns</span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Great
Black-backed Gulls</span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Herring
Gulls</span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>DC
Cormorant</span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Song
Sparrows</span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'> </span></f=
ont></p>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Cheers,</span></=
font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Cindy</span></fo=
nt></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
color=3Dblack
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;color:black'> </span></font></p>
<p style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 color=3Dblack face=3D"Times =
New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;color:black'>No virus found in this outgoing =
message.<br>
Checked by AVG.<br>
Version: 7.5.524 / Virus Database: 270.5.6/1579 - Release Date: =
7/29/2008 6:43
AM</span></font></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'></span> </span></font></p>
<span style=3D'border-spacing: 0px =
0px;text-align:auto;-khtml-text-decorations-in-effect: none;
-apple-text-size-adjust: auto;orphans: 2;widows: 2;word-spacing:0px'>
<div apple-content-edited=3Dtrue>
<div style=3D'word-wrap: break-word;-khtml-nbsp-mode: =
space;-khtml-line-break: after-white-space'>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D1 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DHelvetica><span =
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Christopher
Majka</span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D1 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DHelvetica><span =
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'>Nova
Scotia Museum, 1747 Summer St., Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H =
3A6</span></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D1 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DHelvetica><span =
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'><a
href=3D"mailto:c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca">c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca</a></span=
></font></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D1 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DHelvetica><span =
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'> </span>=
</font></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D1 =
color=3Dblack
face=3DHelvetica><span =
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;color:black'><br>
<br>
</span></font></p>
</div>
</span>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'> </span></font></p>
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</html>
<BR>
<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>No virus found in this incoming message.<BR>
Checked by AVG.<BR>
Version: 7.5.524 / Virus Database: 270.5.6/1579 - Release Date: =
7/29/2008 6:43 AM<BR>
</FONT> </P><BR>
<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>No virus found in this outgoing message.<BR>
Checked by AVG.<BR>
Version: 7.5.524 / Virus Database: 270.5.6/1579 - Release Date: =
7/29/2008 6:43 AM<BR>
</FONT> </P>
--Boundary_(ID_Gexe6wMVNX8A8VfBWDrUrQ)--
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