[NatureNS] Yellow-collared Scape Moth invasion

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From: Christopher Majka <c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca>
Date: Wed, 9 Aug 2006 12:03:45 -0300
To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca
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Hi Fritz,

Still misspelled: its' actually Harrisina americana (Gu=E9rin). ;-> In =20=

any event, this species is in another family entirely (Zygaenidae), =20
it feeds on grape, is found no further north then New Hampshire, and =20
hasn't been recorded from Nova Scotia at all so it's not a contender. =20=

After looking at your photos, the moth does appear to be Cisseps =20
fulvicollis, since the translucent patch on the hindwing is prominent =20=

and distinctive. I'll check and see if we have other specimens from =20
Cape Breton. A good find.

Cheers!

Chris

On 9-Aug-06, at 11:45 AM, Fritz McEvoy wrote:

> Hi Chris,
>    Sorry,I totally misspelled the first name of the Skeletonizer. =20
> It should be Grapeleaf Skeletonizer(Harrisoina americana). I've =20
> been using Bugguide.net as a reference for this sighting and the =20
> pics discriptions on that webpage lead me to my conclusion.
>                                        Fritz McEvoy
>
> ----Original Message Follows----
> From: Christopher Majka <c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca>
> Reply-To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca
> To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca
> Subject: Re: [NatureNS] Yellow-collared Scape Moth invasion
> Date: Wed, 9 Aug 2006 09:32:13 -0300
>
> Hi Fritz,
>
> On 8-Aug-06, at 6:42 PM, Fritz McEvoy wrote:
>
>> Hi Chris & All,
>>    When I first examined this moth I compared it to the Ctenucha =20
>> as  well as Graspella Skeletonizer.
>
> What species is this? In Nova Scotia, we only have three species =20
> in  this subfamily, Ctenucha, Ciisseps, and Lycomorpha pholusDrury =20
> which  looks quite different.
>
>> The moths here have a more pointed forewing and both wings appear  =20=

>> somewhat translucent. I can't see a difference between the fore =20
>> and  hind wing colors.The collar in Cisseps has three parts in a  =20
>> triangle and the Ctenucha only one between the eyes. There is no  =20
>> bright blue on the thorax behind the collar although the thorax =20
>> has  a bluish tinge. The thorax of the Ctenucha is thicker than =20
>> the  Cisseps and this is closer to the moths seen here.
>
> I'm not an expert of this group but as far as I'm aware the  =20
> diagnostic difference between Cisseps fulvicollis and Ctenucha  =20
> virginica is that the former species has an large and prominent  =20
> translucent patch on the hindwing (this is very obvious). I don't  =20
> think that there are diagnostic differences in the orange collar, =20
> or  the bluish tinge or thickness of the pronotum. It sounds to me =20
> like  your specimens are Ctenucha virginica.
>
>>    The Skeletonizer was dismissed because it perches with wings  =20
>> outstretched and this moth has closed wings when landed.
>
> Whatever this is, I don;t think its found in Nova Scotia.
>
>>     If you have questions or other things I can look for let me  =20
>> know. I'll send up some specimens with my next beetle shipment. =20
>> All  the best.
>
> Great: thanks!
>
> Chris
>
>>                                              Fritz
>> ----Original Message Follows----
>> From: Christopher Majka <c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca>
>> Reply-To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca
>> To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca
>> Subject: Re: [NatureNS] Yellow-collared Scape Moth invasion
>> Date: Tue, 8 Aug 2006 17:14:04 -0300
>>
>> Hi Fritz,
>>
>> On 8-Aug-06, at 3:27 PM, Fritz McEvoy wrote:
>>
>>> Hi all,
>>>   Over the last week the valley has been deluged with Yellow-  =20
>>> collared Scape Moth-Hodges 8267(Cisseps Fulvicollis). They =20
>>> cover   every flower especially Ragweed and Goldenrod,often =20
>>> dozens on a   single flower head. Although most are black and =20
>>> orange I have   observed some that  have yellow collars and a few =20=

>>> that look   beige.They seem to be an interesting species,a wasp =20
>>> mimic and   nectar feeder, the proboscis is almost 1/2 the moths =20
>>> length. Is   this a local phenomenon or are they widespread in =20
>>> the province?  All  the best.
>>
>> Are you certain that you are seeing Cisseps fulvicollis (Hubner)   =20=

>> (Yellow-collared Scape Moth) rather than Ctenucha virginica =20
>> Esper   (Virginia Ctenucha)? Both species are present in Nova =20
>> Scotia,   however, the Virginia Ctenucha is normally the common =20
>> species.   Ferguson (1955) doesn't mention C. fulvicollis as =20
>> occurring on  Cape  Breton, whereas C. virginica is definitely =20
>> common there. The  hindwing  of the former species is translucent =20
>> as in:
>>
>> http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/LGSMB/DNA-ATBI-1157.jpg
>>
>> Whereas the hindwing of the latter species is not as in:
>>
>> http://www.cedarcreek.umn.edu/insects/newslides/027073074001bp.jpg
>>
>> In any event, the Virginia Ctenucha can, indeed, be exceedingly   =20
>> common. Ferguson (1955) mentions that they can come in enormous   =20
>> numbers to light. The larvae feed on grasses, irises, & sedges.
>>
>> Cheers!
>>
>> Chris
>>
>>
>>>                              Fritz McEvoy
>>>                               Sunrise Valley CB (near Dingwall)
>>>
>>
>> _._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._=20=

>> . _. _.
>> Christopher Majka - Nova Scotia Museum of Natural History
>> 1747 Summer Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada  B3H 3A6
>> (902) 424-6435   Email <c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca>
>> _._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._=20=

>> . _. _.
>>
>
> _._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._.=20=

> _. _.
> Christopher Majka - Nova Scotia Museum of Natural History
> 1747 Summer Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada  B3H 3A6
> (902) 424-6435   Email <c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca>
> _._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._.=20=

> _. _.
>

_._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._.=20=

_.
Christopher Majka - Nova Scotia Museum of Natural History
1747 Summer Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada  B3H 3A6
(902) 424-6435   Email <c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca>
_._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._.=20=

_.


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<HTML><BODY style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -khtml-nbsp-mode: space; =
-khtml-line-break: after-white-space; ">Hi Fritz,<DIV><BR =
class=3D"khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><DIV><SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-style-span">Still misspelled: its' actually=A0<I>Harrisina =
americana</I> (Gu=E9rin). ;-&gt; In any event, this species is in =
another family=A0entirely (Zygaenidae), it feeds on grape, is found no =
further north then New Hampshire, and hasn't been recorded from Nova =
Scotia at all so it's not a contender. After looking at your photos, the =
moth does appear to be=A0<I>Cisseps </I><I>fulvicollis</I>, since the =
translucent patch on the hindwing is prominent and distinctive. I'll =
check and see if we have other specimens from Cape Breton. A good =
find.</SPAN></DIV><DIV><BR =
class=3D"khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><DIV>Cheers!</DIV><DIV><BR =
class=3D"khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><DIV>Chris</DIV><DIV><BR><DIV><DIV=
>On 9-Aug-06, at 11:45 AM, Fritz McEvoy wrote:</DIV><BR =
class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><BLOCKQUOTE type=3D"cite"><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Hi Chris,</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0=A0 </SPAN>Sorry,I totally misspelled =
the first name of the Skeletonizer. It should be Grapeleaf =
Skeletonizer(Harrisoina americana). I've been using Bugguide.net as a =
reference for this sighting and the pics discriptions on that webpage =
lead me to my conclusion.</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 </SPAN>Fritz McEvoy</DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
">----Original Message Follows----</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">From: =
Christopher Majka &lt;<A =
href=3D"mailto:c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca">c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca</A>&gt;</D=
IV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Reply-To: <A =
href=3D"mailto:naturens@chebucto.ns.ca">naturens@chebucto.ns.ca</A></DIV><=
DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">To: <A =
href=3D"mailto:naturens@chebucto.ns.ca">naturens@chebucto.ns.ca</A></DIV><=
DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Subject: Re: [NatureNS] Yellow-collared Scape Moth =
invasion</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Date: Wed, 9 Aug 2006 09:32:13 =
-0300</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Hi Fritz,</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: =
14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">On 8-Aug-06, at 6:42 PM, Fritz =
McEvoy wrote:</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV> =
<BLOCKQUOTE type=3D"cite"><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: =
0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Hi Chris &amp; =
All,</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0=A0 </SPAN>When I first examined this =
moth I compared it to the Ctenucha as<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>well as Graspella =
Skeletonizer.</DIV> </BLOCKQUOTE><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: =
14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">What species is this? In Nova =
Scotia, we only have three species in<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>this subfamily, Ctenucha, =
Ciisseps, and Lycomorpha pholusDrury which<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>looks quite =
different.</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV> =
<BLOCKQUOTE type=3D"cite"><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: =
0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">The moths here have a more =
pointed forewing and both wings appear<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>somewhat translucent. I can't =
see a difference between the fore and<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>hind wing colors.The collar =
in Cisseps has three parts in a<SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 =
</SPAN>triangle and the Ctenucha only one between the eyes. There is =
no<SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>bright blue on the =
thorax behind the collar although the thorax has<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>a bluish tinge. The thorax of =
the Ctenucha is thicker than the<SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 =
</SPAN>Cisseps and this is closer to the moths seen here.</DIV> =
</BLOCKQUOTE><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">I'm not an expert of this group but as far as I'm =
aware the<SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>diagnostic =
difference between Cisseps fulvicollis and Ctenucha<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>virginica is that the former =
species has an large and prominent<SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0=
 </SPAN>translucent patch on the hindwing (this is very obvious). I =
don't<SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>think that there =
are diagnostic differences in the orange collar, or<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>the bluish tinge or thickness =
of the pronotum. It sounds to me like<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>your specimens are Ctenucha =
virginica.</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV> =
<BLOCKQUOTE type=3D"cite"><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: =
0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0=A0 </SPAN>The Skeletonizer was =
dismissed because it perches with wings<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>outstretched and this moth =
has closed wings when landed.</DIV> </BLOCKQUOTE><DIV style=3D"margin-top:=
 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Whatever this =
is, I don;t think its found in Nova Scotia.</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top:=
 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV> <BLOCKQUOTE type=3D"cite"><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; "><SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 =A0 =
</SPAN>If you have questions or other things I can look for let me<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>know. I'll send up some =
specimens with my next beetle shipment. All<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>the best.</DIV> =
</BLOCKQUOTE><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Great: thanks!</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: =
14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Chris</DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV> <BLOCKQUOTE =
type=3D"cite"><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 </SPAN>Fritz</DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">----Original Message Follows----</DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">From: Christopher Majka &lt;<A =
href=3D"mailto:c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca">c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca</A>&gt;</D=
IV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Reply-To: <A =
href=3D"mailto:naturens@chebucto.ns.ca">naturens@chebucto.ns.ca</A></DIV><=
DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">To: <A =
href=3D"mailto:naturens@chebucto.ns.ca">naturens@chebucto.ns.ca</A></DIV><=
DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Subject: Re: [NatureNS] Yellow-collared Scape Moth =
invasion</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Date: Tue, 8 Aug 2006 17:14:04 =
-0300</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Hi Fritz,</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: =
14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">On 8-Aug-06, at 3:27 PM, Fritz =
McEvoy wrote:</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV> =
<BLOCKQUOTE type=3D"cite"><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: =
0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Hi all,</DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; "><SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 =
</SPAN>Over the last week the valley has been deluged with Yellow-<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>collared Scape Moth-Hodges =
8267(Cisseps Fulvicollis). They cover <SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>every flower especially =
Ragweed and Goldenrod,often dozens on a <SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>single flower head. Although =
most are black and orange I have <SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0=
 </SPAN>observed some that<SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 =
</SPAN>have yellow collars and a few that look <SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>beige.They seem to be an =
interesting species,a wasp mimic and <SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>nectar feeder, the proboscis =
is almost 1/2 the moths length. Is <SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0=
 </SPAN>this a local phenomenon or are they widespread in the =
province?<SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>All<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>the best.</DIV> =
</BLOCKQUOTE><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Are you certain that you are seeing Cisseps =
fulvicollis (Hubner) <SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 =
</SPAN>(Yellow-collared Scape Moth) rather than Ctenucha virginica Esper =
<SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>(Virginia Ctenucha)? =
Both species are present in Nova Scotia, <SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>however, the Virginia =
Ctenucha is normally the common species. <SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>Ferguson (1955) doesn't =
mention C. fulvicollis as occurring on<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>Cape<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>Breton, whereas C. virginica =
is definitely common there. The<SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 =
</SPAN>hindwing<SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>of the =
former species is translucent as in:</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: =
14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><A =
href=3D"http://www.boldsystems.org/pics/LGSMB/DNA-ATBI-1157.jpg">http://ww=
w.boldsystems.org/pics/LGSMB/DNA-ATBI-1157.jpg</A></DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Whereas =
the hindwing of the latter species is not as in:</DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><A =
href=3D"http://www.cedarcreek.umn.edu/insects/newslides/027073074001bp.jpg=
">http://www.cedarcreek.umn.edu/insects/newslides/027073074001bp.jpg</A></=
DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: =
0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">In any event, the Virginia Ctenucha can, indeed, be =
exceedingly <SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>common. =
Ferguson (1955) mentions that they can come in enormous <SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>numbers to light. The larvae =
feed on grasses, irises, &amp; sedges.</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
">Cheers!</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Chris</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: =
14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV> =
<BLOCKQUOTE type=3D"cite"><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: =
0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0=
 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 </SPAN>Fritz McEvoy</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =
=A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 </SPAN>Sunrise Valley CB (near Dingwall)</DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV> </BLOCKQUOTE><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
">_._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._. =
_. _.</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Christopher Majka - Nova Scotia =
Museum of Natural History</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">1747 Summer =
Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>B3H 3A6</DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">(902) 424-6435 <SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0=
 </SPAN>Email &lt;<A =
href=3D"mailto:c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca">c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca</A>&gt;</D=
IV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; =
">_._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._. =
_. _.</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV> =
</BLOCKQUOTE><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; =
">_._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._.=
 _.</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Christopher Majka - Nova Scotia =
Museum of Natural History</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">1747 Summer =
Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>B3H 3A6</DIV><DIV =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">(902) 424-6435 <SPAN class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0=
 </SPAN>Email &lt;<A =
href=3D"mailto:c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca">c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca</A>&gt;</D=
IV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; =
">_._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._.=
 _.</DIV><DIV style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV> =
</BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><BR><DIV> <P style=3D"margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px =
0.0px"><FONT face=3D"Times" size=3D"3" style=3D"font: 12.0px =
Times">_._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._=
._._._.</FONT></P> <P style=3D"margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px"><FONT =
face=3D"Times" size=3D"3" style=3D"font: 12.0px Times">Christopher Majka =
- Nova Scotia Museum of Natural History</FONT></P> <P style=3D"margin: =
0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px"><FONT face=3D"Times" size=3D"3" style=3D"font: =
12.0px Times">1747 Summer Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada<SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>B3H 3A6</FONT></P> <P =
style=3D"margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px"><FONT face=3D"Times" size=3D"3" =
style=3D"font: 12.0px Times">(902) 424-6435 <SPAN =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </SPAN>Email &lt;<A =
href=3D"mailto:c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca">c.majka@ns.sympatico.ca</A>&gt;</F=
ONT></P> <P style=3D"margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px"><FONT face=3D"Times"=
 size=3D"3" style=3D"font: 12.0px =
Times">_._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._._=
._._._.</FONT></P>  </DIV><BR></DIV></BODY></HTML>=

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