Index: Latin Wordlist of Assorted Herbs, Spices, Plants & Misc. Foodstuffs
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- I N D E X
- [ A ]
[ B ]
[ C ]
[ D ]
[ E ]
[ F ]
[ G ]
- [ H ]
[ I ]
[ J ]
[ K ]
[ L ]
[ M ]
[ N ]
- [ O ]
[ P ]
[ Q ]
[ R ]
[ S ]
[ T ]
[ U ]
[ V ]
[ W ]
[ X ]
[ Y ]
[ Z ]
[ Abbreviations & Symbols ]
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- A, a
- abiritus
- poppy, common
- abrotonum, -i, (neut.); also, abrotanum
- southern-wood, an aromatic herb
- abrotonus, -i, (fem.)
- southern-wood, an aromatic herb
- abs
- quill-cassia
- absinthiatus
- absinthe, made of
- absinthium, -i, (neut.)
- wormwood, absinth(e)
- Lucretius, Cassell
- abussusi
- centaury
- acalephe
- stinging-nettle
- acanthus, -i, (masc.)
- bear's foot, a plant; a thorny evergreen Egyptian tree
- P. Vergilius Maro, Cassell
- allium, -ii, (neut.)
- garlic
- Allium sativum
- Pliny, Cassell
- amaranthus
- blite
- Amaranthus blitum
- Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.490, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- ambubeia; [also see: intubus]
- chicory, endive
- ammi
- ammi (cultivated)
- Carum copticum; from Egypt (?)
- listed as a spice, J.I. Miller, pp.28, 112
- 'ammi', a term used by the Greeks, may be what was called
- Royal Cumin (as called by Hippocrates, Miller p.106) or
- Ethiopian Cumin which is supposedly different from the
- Egyptian variety, Carum copticum; what was called Royal
Cumin
- was said to have a sweeter smell than Carum copticum
- or what was cultivated cumin
- ammoniace
- ammoniace
- Ferula marmarica (Aschers et Taub.)
- Habitat: Libya
- J.I. Miller, p.112
- anchusa
- anchusa
- Anchusa tinctoria
- anesum, -i, (neut.)
- aniseed in hydromel
- anetum, -i, (neut.)
- dill, anise
- anethum, -i, (neut.)
- dill, anise
- Anethum graveolens
- anisum, -i, (neut.)
- anis
- (?) Pimpinella anisum
- Celsus
- anthemis
- chamomile
- (?) Anthemis nobilis (L.)
- apiacus, -a, -um, adj.
- like parsley
- Cato, Cassell
- apium, -ii, (neut.)
- parsley, celery, celery (cultivated)
- Petrosolinum sativum & Apium graveolens
- Horace, Cassell
- apsinthium
- wormwood
- Artemisia absinthium (L.)
- apsinthium Romanum
- Roman vermouth
- arida iris
- dried orris root
- armala; [ = harmala]; [also see: harmala]
- a kind of wild rue
- Dioscorides, A. Souter, p.169
- arnion; [ = arnoglossa]; [also see: arnoglossa; arnoglossos]
- plantain; hare's-foot plantain
- A. Souter, p.23
- arnoglossa, -ae; [also see: arnion; arnoglossos]
- plantain; hare's-foot plantain
- A. Souter, p.23
- arnoglossos, -us; [also see: arnion; arnoglossa]
- plantain; hare's-foot plantain
- A. Souter, p.23
- arnon
- lamb
- A. Souter, p.23
- aroclite
- kind of myrrh; an error for TROGLITAE
- Visigothic?, A. Souter, p.23
- arpagon
- a kind of plaster
- Oribasius
- A. Souter, p.23
- arpopria
- climbing ivy
- Dacian, A. Souter, p.23
- artaba, -ae
- an Egyptian measure of varying capacity
- Greek(?), A. Souter, p.23
- artemonion
- a herb used as an eye salve
- Dioscorides
- A. Souter, p.23
- artomeli
- plaster or poultice of bread and honey
- A. Souter, p.23
- artophacion
- a bread & lentil plaster
- Soran
- A. Souter, p.23
- asaer
- plantain
- Egyptian, A. Souter, p.23
- asarum, [also see: 'bacchar' and wild nard]
- nard, kind of
- J.I. Miller, p.11
- asifolium
- dog's tooth grass
- A. Souter, p.24
- asintrophon
- bramble
- A. Souter, p.24
- aspalathus
- aspalathus, Camel's thorn
- Alhaji camelorum (Fisch.)
- J.I. Miller
- asparagus, -i, (masc.)
- asparagus
- Asparagus acutifolius
- Celsus (de medicina), Spencer; Suet., Cassell
- asphodelus
- astragalus
- Asphodelus ramosus (L.)
- J.I. Miller
- auiola
- houseleek
- auliscus
- small pipe, catheter
- A. Souter p.26
- aura
- feverfew
- A. Souter p.26
- aurugino; also auruginosus
- suffer from jaundice
- A. Souter p.26
- austeralis
- bergamot mint
- autogenes
- narcissus
- axungio
- to rub c swine's fat or other grease
- azila
- hound's-tongue
- Dacian, A. Souter p.27
- azirchalbe
- calf's-snout
- Punic, A. Souter p.27
- azirgunzol
- vervain(?)
- Punic, A. Souter p.27
- Go [Index]
- B, b
- bacunum
- cabage, cabbage-seed
- A. Souter p.27
- baccar, -aris, neut
- Celtic Valerian, a plant which yielded a kind of oil,
- =nardum rusticum, =nardum gallicum, =saliunca
- Valeriana Celtica
- J.I. Miller
- baccaris, -is, (fem.)
- Celtic Valerian, a plant which yielded a kind of oil,
- =nardum rusticum, =nardum gallicum, =saliunca
- Valeriana Celtica
- J.I. Miller
- bacchar, -aris, (neut.)
- bacchar, Celtic Valerian, a plant which yielded a kind of oil,
- =nardum rusticum, =nardum gallicum, =saliunca
- (?): Valeriana Celtica; Gnaphalium sanguineum (J.I. Miller)
- baditis
- water-lily
- bahem
- palm-rod
- baia, -ae
- palm-leaf
- balanus
- balanite
- Balanites aegyptiaca
- balsamum
- balsam (cultivated)
- Commiphora opobalsamum
- beta, -ae, (fem.)
- beet, vegetable
- Beta maritima
- Cicero, Cassell
- bibo
- scurvy-grass; water plantain
- A. Souter, p.30
- bicamine
- of pine
- Dioscorides, A. Souter, p.30
- bisasa
- wild rue
- A. Souter, p. 30
- bissanica
- cyclamen (?)
- A. Souter, p. 30
- bissola
- horehound
- A. Souter, p. 30
- blatos (also, blastos)
- cassia
- Dioscorides, A. Souter
- borith
- a grassy plant used by fullers, soap
- Hebrew, A. Souter, p. 31
- bos
- bouis lingua; bugloss
- A. Souter, p. 31
- bubalion
- a kind of cucumber
- borith
- a grassy plant used by fullers, soap
- Hebrew, A. Souter, p.31
- bos = bouis lingua
- bugloss
- brassica
- cabbage
- Brassica Cretica
- brassicae folia
- cabbage-leaves
- bricumus
- wormwood
- brucos
- maidenhair
- brumaria
- leontopodion, leontopetalon
- bubalion
- cucumber, kind of
- budama
- bugloss
- bulbulus
- onion, a small bulb
- burion
- calf's-snout
- butomos
- sedge
- bututzim
- cabbage
- byrfira
- plaster, name of a
- Go [Index]
- C, c
- Caeciliana
- a specific type of lettuce
- Pliny, Historia Naturalis, Liber xxviii
- caerefolium
- chervil
- Anthriscus cerefolium
- J.I. Miller
- calaminthe
- calamint
- calamus odoratus
- sweet cane
- calion
- henbane
- calliomarcus
- herb useful against a cough
- A. Souter, p. 36
- capparis
- caper-bush, caper (buds of Capparis spinosa)
- Capparis spinosa (L.)
- capriolique vitium
- vine-tendril
- careum
- caraway
- Carum carvi (L.)
- spice, Miller
- casiae, -ae, (fem.)
- cassia, casia
- Celsus; Spencer
- cathamintha agria
- calamintha (error for)
- A. Souter, p. 43
- cepa
- onion
- Alium cepa
- cepa ascalonia (?)
- shallot
- Allium asacalonium (L.)
- cepa pallacana
- chive, (French: civette)(?)
- cepulla
- chibol
- Allium fistulosum (L.)
- cerasia
- cherries
- cilium
- egg yolk
- Soran
- A. Souter, p. 50
- cinnamomum, -i, (neut.)
- cinnamon
- Ovid, Cassell
- cinnamum, -i, (neut.)
- cinnamon
- Ovid, Cassell
- cinnus
- a mixed drink; cocktail?
- A. Souter, p. 50
- cinocardamon
- 'nasturtium'
- A. Souter, p. 50
- cinocefalion
- calf's-snout
- A. Souter, p. 50
- cinoplasmus
- facial paralysis; corruption for cynicus spasmus ?
- A. Souter, p. 50
- cnicus
- safflower, Bastard Saffron
- Carthamus tinctorius (L.)
- Habitat: Eastern Mediterranean
- J.I. Miller
- colubriae, -ae (fem.)
- edderwort
- A. Souter p.60
- comacum
- nutmeg, perhaps (?)
- coriandrum
- coriander
- Coriandrum sativum
- crethmos, (fem.)
- samphire, rock fennel
- Crithmum maritimum (L.)
- Creticum; [also see: phu]
- a nard, Pontic nard - Valeriana dioscoridis (?)
- 'another wild nard' - Valeriana phu (L.)
- J.I. Miller, p.116
- crocus, -i, (masc.)
- saffron, used in medicines, as a spice and in perfumes
- Celsus, Spencer; Ovid, Cassell
- crocum, -i, (neut.)
- saffron, used in medicines, as a spice and in perfumes
- Celsus, SpencerOvid, Cassell
- cyma
- turnip-tops
- Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- Go [Index]
- D, d
- dactylus
- peony
- Dioscorides
- delphinacius
- of larkpur; of dolphin flower
- Souter ?
- dolua
- the plant rocket
- Keltic, A. Souter, p. 112
- dodra, -ae
- a drink of 9 (nine) ingredients - (medicinal?)
- A. Souter, p. 112
- dorcadion
- bastard dittany
- Greek, A Souter, p. 113
- dropacismus,
- application of pitch-plaster?
- used as counter irritant
- A. Souter, p. 113
- duramen
- a hardening medicine ?
- A. Souter, p.115: Chiron
- dysosmos
- garlic germander
- Greek, A. Souter, p. 115
- Go [Index]
- E, e
- elelisphacos
- salvia
- Salvia trilobs (L.)
- erysimum
- hedge mustard
- esibilis
- suitable for food
- A. Souter, p.129
- ethuc
- maidenhair
- Egyptian, A. Souter, p.129
- Go [Index]
- F, f
- faba, -ae, (fem.)
- bean
- facoides
- sea-heath
- Greek
- Discorides, A. Souter, p. 143
- facon
- lentil, pulse
- Greek
- Discorides, A. Souter, p. 143
- f(a)ecula
- wild chevil
- Discorides, A. Souter, p. 143
- far
- barley
- A. Souter, p.291
- farfaria, -ae
- colt's-foot
- Discorides, A. Souter, p. 143
- farneus [Also, farnvs]
- an uncertain tree ?
- Apicius, A. Souter, p. 144
- febricito
- be raving mad
- A. Souter, p. 145
- febrifug(i?)a
- lesser centaury, feverfew, Erythraea centaurium
- A. Souter, p. 145
- ferulago
- deadly carrot
- ferularis
- of the giant fennel
- feuxicterus
- birthwort
- ficulnea
- fig-tree
- ficus, -i, (masc.)
- fig
- Celsus, Spencer
- figus; [also see: phegus]
- oak
- A. Souter
- flado
- kind of cake
- flammus
- mullein
- foeniculum
- fenugreek, fennel
- Trigonella foenum-graecum
- folium
- nard leaf, perhaps
- folium pentasphaerum
- nard-leaf, perhaps
- J.I. Miller, p.25
- folitis
- hart's-tongue
- fragum, -i, (neut.)
- strawberry
- Go [Index]
- G, g
- garismatium
- fish-sauce factory
- gelea
- wild gourd
- gentiaca = gentiana
- gentian
- Dioscorides
- geminalis
- culivated sage, clary
- gerontea, -ae,
- groundsel
- Greek
- ges omfalos
- navelwort, cotyledon
- Greek
- gigarus
- edderwort
- Gallic
- gilarus, (-um?)
- thyme
- Gallic
- gingidion
- pepperwort
- Dioscorides
- git; gith; gicti
- black cumin, gith, fitches
- Nigella sativa (L.)
- Habitat: Eastern Mediterranean
- J.I. Miller, p.113
- gladiatoria, -ae, (fem.)
- pondweed
- glandinum
- oil made of acorns
- Dioscorides
- glano = glanx
- acorn
- glaucia, -ae
- sweet new wine
- Dioscorides
- glaucium
- fleabane
- Greek
- glechon
- fleabane; catmint
- Greek
- glius
- gum
- Greek,
- Dioscorides, A. Souter, p.163
- glycia, (-ea)
- name of a drug
- Greek
- glycyrrhizeticus (adj.)
- of liquorice
- Dioscorides
- glycys
- new wine
- (?)Pliny
- Greek
- glys = glavx
- wart cress
- Dioscorides
- gomos = perhaps miswriting of zomos (A. Souter, p.163)
- soup, sauce
- Greek
- Go [Index]
- H, h
- harmala
- a kind of wild rue
- A. Souter, p. 169
- helcine
- pellitory
- A. Souter, p. 170
- heleomoloche
- marsh-mallow
- heleosparagus
- kind of asparagus
- (h)epatites, -es (or, -ae)
- kind of aloes of liver shape, used as a drug
- A. Souter, p. 171
- (h)epatitis, -dos
- kind of aloes of liver shape, used as a drug
- A. Souter, p. 171
- hepatus, -i, masc.
- fish of uncertain identity
- Greek
- A. Souter, p. 171
- (h)eraclea
- vervain, plant
- A. Souter, p. 172
- herbacanthus
- species of bear's-foot with spinous leaves initated in the Corthinian capital
- A. Souter, p. 172
- herba muralis
- pellitory = what the Greeks called parthenion or perdeikion
- Bachelor's button, pellitory
- also see: pyrethrum (Pyrethrum parthenion)
- Celsus, Spencer, p. 492
- herba sanguinalis
- blood herb; what the Greeks called 'polygonon'(?)
- herbae mirabiles
- magic herbs used against sickness
- herbago
- pondweed
- A. Souter, p. 172
- (h)erbaria, -ae, (fem.)
- fodder; woman who deals with herbs, witch
- A. Souter, p. 172
- herbarium
- a herbal
- A. Souter, p. 172
- herbularia
- bindweed(?)
- A. Souter, p. 172
- herbulum; [also heru-]
- groundsel
- A. Souter, p. 172
- herburgius
- a curse
- A. Souter, p. 172
- hibernalis
- house leek; (adj. = wintry)
- A. Souter, p. 173
- hiera; [also see: hiera, hieron and hieros plus combinations]
- vervain (holy)
- A. Souter, p. 174
- hiera obotane; [also see: hiera, hieron and hieros plus combinations]
- vervain (holy)
- A. Souter, p. 174
- hiera nosos; [also see: hiera, hieron and hieros plus combinations]
- epilepsy
- A. Souter, p. 174
- hieranthemis
- earth-apple; chamomile
- A. Souter, p. 173
- hieraticus, -a, -um (adj.);[also: ieraticus]
- used by priests; name? of a plaster (but what type, medical or construction ?)
- A. Souter, p. 173
- hieribulbum
- a plant used for arthritis and freckles
- A. Souter, p. 173
- hieron ossum, [also: hiera, hieron; hiera = gera(?)]
- the os sacrum
- A. Souter, p. 174
- hieros, [also: hiera, hieron; hiera = gera(?)]
- a purgative
- A. Souter, p. 174
- hieros obotane
- vervain (holy)
- A. Souter, p. 174
- hilisirica; [also see: iris Illyrica]
- iris
- A. Souter, p. 174
- himeros
- dried grapes, raisins
- A. Souter, p. 174
- hippoglossa
- a plant, literally: horse's tongue
- A. Souter, p. 174
- hippomanes
- an aphrodisiac, maidenhair(?)
- A. Souter, p. 174
- hippophyes
- spurge, a kind of
- A. Souter, p. 174
- hirundinina
- a plant, eryngo; swallowwort; the greater celandine
- A. Souter, p. 174
- hirundo
- chestnut; callosity on foreleg of horse
- A. Souter, p. 174
- hoclamsani
- name of a plant (?)
- A. Souter, p. 175
- holocyron
- ground pine
- A. Souter, p. 175
- holus
- a vegetable; figuratively, under the influence of (?)
- A. Souter, p. 175
- holusatrum = holus atrum
- parsley; (Cretan) alexanders: A. Souter, p. 175
- Smyrnium holusatrum (L.): J.I. Miller, p. 112
- hordiacius
- barley bread(?)
- hordior (v.)
- suffer indigestion from excess of barley diet
- A. Souter, p. 176
- hortaria, -ae
- pimento
- Apicus
- A. Souter, p. 176
- Go [Index]
- I, i
- ilex, -icis (fem.)
- holm oak, evergreen
- intubus
- chichory, endive
- Chichorium intybus
- ioselinon
- ranunculus
- iotta
- curdled milk of a hen (?)
- A. Souter, p. 219
- ipa
- rice
- ireos
- cassia, a valuable hot spice
- iris Illyrica
- a type of iris
- A. Souter, p 220, later abbreviated (h)ilisirica
- iscordoprasson
- garlic-leek
- isex (probably = esox)
- salmon
- Pliny, A. Souter
- isochrysum
- as good as gold (name of an eye salve)
- isofion
- fumitory
- Dioscorides, A. Souter
- iuncus odoratus
- sweet rush
- Go [Index]
- J, j
- juncus odoratus
- sweet rush
- Go [Index]
- K, k
- Go [Index]
- L, l
- lac, lactis, (fem.)
- milk
- Horace
- lactuca, -ae, (fem.)
- lettuce; check for association with 'lac', milk
- ..., et ideo lactucis nomen a lacte.
- Pliny, Historia Naturalis, Liber xxviii
- Pliny describes lettuces (lactucae), their seeds and planting
- lasar = laser; [see laser; silphium]
- silphium
- A. Souter, p. 227
- lasaratum
- silphium sauce
- A. Souter, p. 227: Apicius
- lasaratus
- prepared with silphium
- A. Souter, p. 227
- lapatium
- sorrel (Rumex acetosella)
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- laser
- asafoetida gum (?Scorodosma foetidum)
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, List of Alimenta, Vol. I
- laserpitium; [also see: lasar; laser; silphium]
- asafoetida
- Ferula assa-foetida or Ferula silphium
- the gum was called laser?
- Habitat: Persia, Media, Armenia
- J.I. Miller, p. 100
- Celsus, Spencer, p.xxxviii-xxxix, List of Medicamenta, Vol. II
- lasimsaph
- bugloss
- Libyan: A. Souter, p. 227
- latirida
- berry of Daphne cnidium
- A. Souter, p. 227
- lax
- purslane
- Dacian; A. Souter, p.228
- leontocaron [also see: melosmon, neptunia>
- hulwort
- A. Souter p.229
- leontos spermon
- =leontopodium
- A. Souter p.229
- leporinus
- of hare's skin, kind of lettuce whose juice cures burns
- A. Souter p.229
- leptocaryon
- a nut with a thin shell
- A. Souter p.229
- leptopetalon
- Leontopetalon
- A. Souter p.229
- lertum
- a vegetable
- A. Souter p.230
- lethe
- poppy
- A. Souter p.230
- leucadion
- a plant
- A. Souter p.230
- leucantos
- pennyroyal
- A. Souter p.230
- leuce
- poplar, white
- A. Souter p.230
- leucofris
- Artemisia
- A. Souter p.230
- leucozomus
- with white sauce
- Apicius
- A. Souter p.230
- leuisticum
- lovage, a medicinal plant
- A. Souter p.230
- lexiua, -ae, (fem.?); lixivvm
- eye wash
- A. Souter p.230
- linodrios
- germander (Greek)
- Dioscorides; A. Souter p.233
- lumemulium
- (?)pounded thorn
- lustrago
- holy vervain
- Go [Index]
- M, m
- macarinte
- rosemary
- malva
- mallow
- (?) Malva silvestria
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, List of Alimenta, Vol. I
- mandragoras
- Mayapple
- (?)Podophyllum peltatum (L.)
- mandragoreticus
- Mayapple
- (?)Podophyllum peltatum (L.)
- mandragoricum
- Mayapple
- (?)Podophyllum peltatum (L.)
- mandragoricus
- Mayapple
- (?)Podophyllum peltatum (L.)
- marum
- marum (Cat-thyme (?))
- Teucrium marum (L.)
- mauraria
- (?)edderwort
- Dioscorides, A. Souter p.245
- meconitis
- a kind of spurge
- melanthion
- black cumin
- melilitus
- melilot
- Trigonella graeca
- J.I. Miller
- melosmon [also see: leontocaron, neptunia]
- hulwort
- A. Souter p.248
- mentha
- 1. green mint, spearmint (Mentha viridis)
- 2. Bergamot-mint (Mentha aquatica)
- 3. peppermint (Mentha piperita)
- 4. fleabane, pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium)
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, List of Alimenta, Vol. I
- micron
- houseleek
- milicinus
- of millet
- miliaria, -ae
- vervain
- mira
- salvia
- mirra = myrrha; mvrra
- myrrh
- mischus
- seed of poplar, elm, etc.
- A. Souter p.253
- moneaeum
- plum, damson
- A. Souter p.256
- mortalitas
- a pestilence
- A. Souter p.257
- mortariolum
- small mortar
- A. Souter p.257
- mosylitis
- cassia
- Greek, A. Souter p.257
- mosylon
- cinnamon, best kind of
- Greek, A. Souter p.257
- moto
- a kind of cinnamon
- Greek, A. Souter p.257
- murra, -ae, (fem.)
- myrrh
- muscus
- moss
- Go [Index]
- N, n
- nacafton
- fragant Indian bark used as a spice
- Dioscorides, A. Souter, p.262
- nacosthon
- rosemary
- Egyptian, A. Souter, p.262
- napus
- navew
- Brassica napa
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, List of Alimenta, Vol. I
- nardum 'Creticum'
- nard, mountain
- Valeriana tuberosa (L.)
- Habitat: Cilicia, Syria
- J.I. Miller, p.116
- nardum gallicum, [also see: saliunca]
- nard, Celtic
- Valeriana celtica (L.)
- J.I. Miller, p.116
- nardum silvestre
- nard, wild
- Asarum europaeum (L.)
- Habitat: Crete (?)
- J.I. Miller, p.116
- also see 'carpesium', under 'un-named'
- nasturcium
- cress (Lepidum sativum)
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, List of alimenta, Vol. I; (quod nasum
torquet; Pliny)
- nepeta
- catmint, Cataria
- Nepeta cataria (L.)
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- neptunia [also see: leontocaron, melosmon]
- hulwort
- A. Souter p.264
- Go [Index]
- O, o
- oblamenia
- black byrony
- Dioscorides; A. Souter, p. 270
- ocimumm
- basil (cultivated)
- Ocimum basilicum (L.)
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- orinda
- sort of bread
- Apicius, A. Souter
- origanus
- pot marjoram
- orior
- rennet
- A. Souter, p. 301
- ornigarus
- a preventive of the growth of hair
- orobet(h)ron
- leontopetalum
- orobus
- bitter vetch, chickpea
- oros
- whey
- ortozelus
- ground-pine
- oxymel, -mellis (n.); oxymel, oxymelitis (n.)
- vinegar honey, honeyed vinegar
- Pliny, Historia Naturalis, Liber xxviii
- Go [Index]
- P, p
- palalia
- cyclamen
- Egyptian, A. Souter
- palatha
- cake of preserved fruit
- Greek
- A. Souter, p.283
- palladium
- a plant [seems to be from the Greek for 'leontopodion']
- palolu cupinum
- rye grass; (lolivm perenne)
- Dioscorides, A. Souter, p. 283
- palumbaris
- holy vervain
- panagorace
- plant with healing and diuretic properties
- Dynamid, A. Souter, p.283
- panaces
- all-heal; Hercules' woundwort
- A. Souter, p.283
- panchroma
- verbena
- papaver
- poppy (seed)
- Papaver somniferum (L.)
- parcelalon
- leonpetalon
- parietaria, -ae
- another name for 'herba perdicalis'
- A. Souter, p.287
- partenicon
- Artemisia scoparia
- parthia
- dog's-tooth grass
- Dacian, A. Souter, p.287
- passarius
- kind of fig; seemed to = callistrvthivs
- A. Souter, p.289
- pasta
- a plant used medicinally
- Pliny, A. Souter, p.289
- pastinaca
- parsnip (probably including carrots)
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- pastinacium
- a carrot
- A. Souter
- patricalis
- vervain, ironwort
- pedero
- chervil
- peganon
- rue
- pempemthar
- vervain
- Egyptian, A. Souter, p.291
- personacia herba
- burdock
- A. Souter, p.299
- pessarium
- pessary
- A. Souter, p.301
- pessulum
- pessary
- A. Souter, p.301
- pessum
- pessary
- A. Souter, p.301
- petrocopos
- saxifrage
- A. Souter, p.301
- petroselinum
- = petrosilinon
- A. Souter, p.301
- petroselinus
- = petroselinum
- A. Souter, p.301
- petrosilinon
- = petrolselinon
- A. Souter, p.301
- phacoptisana
- decoction of lentils and barley
- A. Souter, p.301
- phaeos
- an eye salve
- A. Souter, p.302
- pharmaceuticus
- concerning drugs
- A. Souter, p.302
- pharmaceutria
- sorceress
- A. Souter, p.302
- pharmacodes
- medicinal
- A. Souter, p.302
- pharmacum
- poison; medicine, drug
- A. Souter, p.302
- phaselaria, -orum, (neut. pl.)
- perserved beans
- A. Souter, p.302
- phaselus, -i, (masc.) (or fem.)
- kidney bean
- Phasiana, -ae, (fem.)
- pheasant (hen)
- Phasianus, -i, (masc.)
- pheasant (cock)
- phegus; [also see, figus]
- oak
- A. Souter, p.302
- phoeniceus
- date palm
- phu; [also see: Creticum]
- a nard, Pontic nard - Valeriana dioscoridis (?)
- 'another wild nard' - Valeriana phu (L.)
- J.I. Miller, p.116
- piper
- pepper [black & white], (Piper nigrum, album)
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- pixinon
- birthwort
- Aristochia serpentaria (L.)
- porrum
- leek
- Allium Porrum
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- portulaca
- purslane (Portulaca oloracea)
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- ptelea
- elm
- Dioscorides, A. Souter, p.333
- pteriga
- hound's-tongue
- pterion
- water-wort
- ptisana
- barley-gruel
- pulegium, -ii, (neut.); [also: pulejum, -ii, (neut.)]
- fleabane, pennyroyal
- Cicero, Cassell
- pulicare
- fleawort
- pulicaris, adj.
- of fleawort
- puluis
- a thorny plant
- pyrethrum
- Bachelor's button = herba muralis, pellitory
- Pyrethrum parthenion
- root is hot, used for toothache
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- pyron agrion
- lesser celandine
- Go [Index]
- Q, q
- quercus, -us (fem.)
- oak tree; oak-leaf crown; acorns
- Go [Index]
- R, r
- rabia
- rabies (the disease)
- Radicula; [also see: radix, icis, (fem.)]
- radish (Raphanus sativus)
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I; Horace, Cassell
- radix, icis, (fem.); [also see: Radicula]
- radish (Raphanus sativus)
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I; Horace, Cassell
- radix dulce
- liquorice
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- radix pontica
- Turkey rhubarb (Rheum Ponticum)
- Celsus, Spencer, p.492, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- radix pyrethri
- pellitory 'of Spain', Spanish camomile
- Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.)
- from North Africa: Barbary
- J. I. Miller
- ranunculus, -i, (masc.)
- plant - perhaps 'crowfoot'
- Pliny, Cassell
- rapum
- turnip or rape (Brassica rapa)
- Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- regia
- a plant = basilisca?
- rhoa (also, rhoea)?
- unripe pomegrante
- r(h)odomel, -i, ?
- rosehoney
- riborasta
- burdock
- Dacian
- robur, -oris (neut.); also, robus, -oris (neut.)
- oak timber, hardwood
- ruta, -ae, fem.
- rue (Ruta graveolens)
- from Greek?
- Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I; Cicero, Cassell
- rutaceus, -ius
- of rue
- A. Souter, p.359
- rutatus, -a,-um (adj.)
- flavoured with rue
- Martial, Cassell p. 495
- Go [Index]
- S, s
- saliginosus
- where willows grow
- Dioscorides, A. Souter
- salix
- chastetree?
- A. Souter, p. 362
- saliuaris herba
- pellitory
- Dioscorides, A. Souter
- saliunca, [also see: nardum gallicum]
- nard, Celtic
- Valeriana celtica (L.)
- J.I. Miller, p.116
- salpho
- teasel
- Ostanian, A. Souter
- sambucineus (adj.)
- of elder
- sampharetica
- a kind of spikenard, camel hay
- Greek
- Dioscorides, A. Souter, p. 363
- Samia, -ae, ?
- perhaps a kind of cake
- A. Souter, p. 363
- sanaria
- saxifrage
- Dioscorides, A. Souter
- sandonicum (also, sant- )
- wormwood, wormwood-seed
- sanguinamem
- a kind of blood pudding
- sapo
- soap (Teutonic, saip; OE sape; check for association to 'sebum')
- (Check for connection to Sapis River --> Sabis, Sapis, Savis)
- A. Souter, p.303
- saraca
- black hellebore
- Dioscorides, A. Souter
- satanaria
- sulphurwort
- => Greek
- A. Souter, p.365
- satureia
- savory, wild savory (?)
- Satureia thymbra
- Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- saucum [or, perhaps saucus]
- elder tree
- A. Souter, p. 365
- saxifraga, -ae
- saxifage [compare to saxifragia's meaning]
- A. Souter, p. 365
- saxifragia
- saxifagia [compare to saxifraga's meaning]
- Pliny, A. Souter, p. 365
- scamonia, -ae, (fem.) (?)
- scammony (?)
- scelerata: as in herba scelerata
- ranunculus
- sceparnon
- ironwort
- Greek
- sceuasia, -ae
- recipe
- Greek
- sciare
- teasel
- Dacian, A. Souter
- scilla
- squill or sea leek
- Urginea maritima
- Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- selinofillon
- maidenhair
- selinus = selinon
- parsley
- A. Souter p.371
- seme
- curly dock
- A. Souter p.371
- septigrania = lathryis
- caper-spurge
- A. Souter p. 374
- serpullum
- thyme
- serraca
- wild lettuce
- seru = servm
- whey
- seseli, sil, siler
- meadow saxifrage, seseli (cultivated)
- Tordylium officinale (L.)
- silphium; [also see: laserpitium]
- asafoetida (=same type of spice plant as)
- supposedly disappeared about Nero's time probably from overgrazing, etc.
- replaced by Persian laser
- mentioned by Apicius, Pliny
- J.I. Miller, p.100
- sinapis
- white mustard (Brassica alba); or, black mustard (Brassica nigra, Koch.)
- Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- sipoax
- plantain
- Dacian; A. Souter, p. 379
- siser
- skirret, water parnsip, (Sium sisarum)
- Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- sisymbrium
- bergamot-mint
- Mentha aquatica (L.)
- solanum
- solanum, what Greeks called 'strychnon'
- sopoep
- birthwort
- Aristochia serpentaria (L.)
- smyrna, -ae, (fem.); [also see smyrrhiza]
- myrrh
- Greek
- T. Lucretius Carus
- Note: Smyrna, -ae, (fem.) = famous trading
town in Ionia
thought to be the place whence Homer sprang (as noted in
Cassell: p. 528, 1958)
- smyrrhiza; [also see smyrna]
- myrrh
- Go [Index]
- T, t
- tacita, -ae, fem.
- spurge laurel
- A. Souter, p.412
- tagantes
- epithet of artemisia = traganthis
- A. Souter, p.412
- tamarinda
- tamarind
- Chiron
- A. Souter, p.412
- tanacipam; [also: tanacitam]
- wormwood
- A. Souter, p.413
- tanacitam; [also:tanacipam]
- wormwood
- A. Souter, p.413
- tanidila
- catmint
- Dacian; A. Souter, p.413
- tanium
- wormwood
- A. Souter, p.413
- tarbidolotius
- plantain
- Gallic
- A. Souter, p.413
- tarundu minus
- pondweed
- Greek
- A. Souter, p.413
- taurocollum
- bull's-hide glue
- A. Souter, p.413
- taurophthalmon
- bull-eyed plant, rosemary; [comments welcomed]
- A. Souter, p.413
- taxon
- yew
- A. Souter, p.413
- tetharica
- plantain (Spain?)
- A. Souter, p. 417
- terebinthus
- terebinth
- Pistacia terebinthus (L.)
- thya; thyia
- arar, Thyine-wood
- Tetraclinis articulata (Masters)
- from Morocco
- J.I. Miller
- thymum, -i, (neut.)
- thyme
- Thymus vulgaris (L.)
- tilia, -ae, (fem.)
- linden or lime-tree; Vergil
- inner bark of the lime-tree; Pliny
- Go [Index]
- U, u
- un-named
- Carpesium (from Greek), a nard: Pontic or Cretan Nard
- it seems that no Latin word existed (?)
- biological classification: Valeriana dioscoridis
- apparently from Asia
- J.I. Miller, p.113
- un-named
- nairon (from Greek)
- it seems that no Latin word existed (?)
- biological classification: unidentified
- apparently from Eastern Mediterranean
- J.I. Miller, p.116
- un-named
- narte (from Greek)
- it seems that no Latin word existed (?)
- biological classification: unidentified
- apparently from Eastern Mediterranean
- J.I. Miller
- unone
- Lappa canaria
- uoluola, -ae, (fem.)?
- bindweed, convolvulus
- urtica
- stinging nettle (Urtica urens); nettle-tops
- Celsus, W. G. Spencer p.493, list of alimenta, Vol. I
- usteralis
- bergamot-mint
- Dioscorides, A. Souter
- usuben
- spurge-laurel
- Gallic
- uua canina
- hound's-berry
- uuum
- =sorbum; sorb-apple, service-berry
- A. Souter, p.452
- Go [Index]
- V, v
- verbenarum
- vervain
- Go [Index]
- W, w
- Go [Index]
- X, x
- xifia
- corn-flag
- A Souter, p.452
- xiloloton
- cinquefoil
- A Souter, p.452
- xilofiron
- (?)comfrey
- A Souter, p.452
- xilofiron
- comfrey
- xiphium = xiphion; [also see xifia]
- corn-flag
- A Souter, p.452
- xylocasia
- an inferior kind of casia
- A Souter, p.452
- xylocinnamomum
- cinnamon - wood
- Go [Index]
- Y, y
- ydosgeros
- (?)groundsel
- A. Souter p.453
- ynantes
- = oenant(h)e; dropwort
- A. Souter p.453
- Go [Index]
- Z, z
- zaccario
- a plant with sweet flavour
- A. Souter, p.453
- zea
- rosemary
- zeclias
- knot-grass
- Egyptian, A. Souter, p.453
- zenzur
- =polygonvm; knot-grass
- Punic, A. Souter, p.453
- zibbir
- rosemary
- Punic, A. Souter, p.453
- zigiss
- tufted thyme
- Greek
- A. Souter, p. 454
- zired
- Artemisia scoparia
- Dacian
- A. Souter, p. 454
- zizania, -ae (?)
- darnel, prob. (?)
- A. Souter, p. 454
- zizuinnim
- vervain
- Punic
- A. Souter, p. 454
- zmyrna
- myrrh
- A. Souter, p. 454
- zomoteganite
- dish with boiled fish
- Apicus
- A. Souter, p. 454
- zopyre
- name of an antidote after Zopyrus, a Greek physician
- A. Souter, p. 454
- zubbal
- corn-flag
- Punic
- A. Souter, p. 454
- zuccar
- sugar
- A. Souter, p. 454
- zygiberis
- wormwood
- A. Souter, p. 454
Abbreviations and symbols used
(?) = perhaps, a guess, uncertain
fem. = feminine noun
L. = Linnean classification
masc. = masculine noun
neut. = neuter noun
p. = page
pp. = pages
Go [Index]