[NatureNS] Captive breeding and release of monarch butterflies

Received-SPF: pass (kirk.authcom.com: authenticated connection) receiver=kirk.authcom.com; client-ip=45.2.193.48; helo=[192.168.0.102]; envelope-from=dwebster@glinx.com; x-software=spfmilter 2.001 http://www.acme.com/software/spfmilter/ with libspf2-1.2.10;
DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple; d=glinx.com;
To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca
References: <CAC5NWcmFSBMFPRBC_ijvCGOeBbRX-4TYUL44dvzMvQ_8jAn6CA@mail.gmail.com>
From: David Webster <dwebster@glinx.com>
Date: Sun, 20 Oct 2019 07:39:16 -0300
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:60.0) Gecko/20100101
Precedence: bulk
Return-Path: <naturens-mml-owner@chebucto.ns.ca>
Original-Recipient: rfc822;"| (cd /csuite/info/Environment/FNSN/MList; /csuite/lib/arch2html)"

next message in archive
next message in thread
previous message in archive
previous message in thread
Index of Subjects

 Oberhauser [reference 1] of some curren
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--------------F8B79671F7D245E8FF2B6CC9
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Hi Nancy & All,

     Absolute truth.

D W,  Kentville.

On 10/20/2019 6:42 AM, nancy dowd wrote:
> Lots to consider here.  Habitat protection/enhancement is always key 
> to species survival.
>
> NancyD
>
> Sent from my iPad
>
> On Oct 19, 2019, at 10:57 PM, Stephen Shaw <srshaw@dal.ca 
> <mailto:srshaw@dal.ca>> wrote:
>
>> I noticed the announcement below just after reading a recent review 
>> by Karen Oberhauser [reference 1] of some current research by others 
>> [ref 2] on monarch migration.  The topic has been discussed before on 
>> NatureNS and seems worth a comment here.
>> Early stages of monarchs can be purchased to be bred through and 
>> released by schools and others, with educational benefits for 
>> students, but with unexpected deleterious consequences.  Specimens of 
>> this origin are genetically far removed from other known wild 
>> migratory populations, and don’t migrate.  That is, when tested in a 
>> "flight simulator”, monarchs bred from such sources did not show any 
>> directional migratory flight either in summer, or more relevantly in 
>> October when migration normally starts.  By contrast, wild-caught, 
>> /wild-reared/  individuals from the east do orient in October as if 
>> to head south, as expected.  The commercial monarchs apparently fly 
>> off in all directions so won’t get back to Mexico to overwinter.   
>> This practice of captive-breeding and release is even argued to 
>> possibly damage the real wild migratory populations by dilutional 
>> breeding-in of non-migratory genes [ref 1], though I couldn’t see the 
>> logic of this if none of the faux specimens ever actually reach Mexico.
>>
>> Even worse, and relevant to collection and protection of wild local 
>> caterpillars:  wild larvae “rescued” and then reared in captivity 
>> indoors also lost their ability to orient south in the fall, under 
>> the two breeding regimes tested in [2].  The reason offered is that 
>> two triggers normally cooperate to eventually release the innate 
>> ability to orient south:  gradually declining autumnal day-length, 
>> and substantial day-night temperature fluctuation.  Neither of these 
>> triggers will be reproduced if wild larvae are collected then reared 
>> in fairly constant conditions indoors, for future release in October.
>> Only wild-rescued monarch larvae /reared outdoors/ allowed them to 
>> develop and express their innate migratory ability in the Fall. 
>>  Taking wild larvae indoors to protect and breed them through in 
>> relatively constant conditions and then release them is not only 
>> useless but actually harmful to population success overall.  It 
>> ensures that while they fly away blissfully when released, none will 
>> migrate directionally, whereas most would have headed south with some 
>> percentage success if they had been left to pupate outdoors, 
>> undisturbed.  Failure of any of these monarchs to arrive obviously 
>> will reduce the already-challenged overwintering Mexican population.
>>
>> The road to hell is paved with good intentions, perhaps.
>>
>> Migratory ability is fragile and can disappear quite easily if 
>> interfered with.  Oberhauser suggests that focussing on protecting 
>> existing and creating new appropriate habitat will be the most 
>> helpful way to support future healthy monarch populations.
>>
>> [1] Oberhauser, K. (26 Sept 2019). Captivity concerns for monarch 
>> butterflies.  Nature 573: 501-2.  (Be aware of some bizarre syntax 
>> though — for instance, the triple negative in her very last sentence 
>> in fact contradicts the substance of the review).
>>
>> [2] Tenger-Trolander, A., Lu, W., Noyes, M., & Kronforst, M.R. (2019) 
>> Contemporary loss of migration in monarch butterflies.  Proc. Natl. 
>> Acad. Sci. USA 116: 14671-6.
>>
>> Steve (Hfx)
>>  ---------------------------------------------------------------
>> On Oct 18, 2019, at 9:40 PM, Soren Bondrup-Nielsen <soren@bondrup.com 
>> <mailto:soren@bondrup.com>> wrote:
>>
>>> Please see below. It’s worth attending.
>>> Soren
>>>
>>>> Begin forwarded message:
>>>> *From: *Judy Lipp <judylipp@gmail.com <mailto:judylipp@gmail.com>>
>>>> *Subject: **FSA party is on for Sat Oct 19th - come send off the 
>>>> Monarchs*
>>>> *Date: *October 18, 2019 at 9:22:47 PM ADT
>>>> *To: *Flying Squirrel Adventures <valleyflyingsquirrels@gmail.com 
>>>> <mailto:valleyflyingsquirrels@gmail.com>>
>>>>
>>>> Hi everyone,
>>>> <image.png>things are lining up for a sweet gathering at the Ravine 
>>>> tomorrow (Sat, Oct 19th).  We've got another fun nature challenge 
>>>> suited to all ages, live music with Heather Kelday, hot cider and 
>>>> popcorn and *a Monarch send-off ceremony* + some give aways.
>>>>
>>>> We hope you'll join us for some or all of the festivities
>>>> Meet at the upper parking lot, Kentville Ravine, 10 am - 12:30 pm
>>>>
>>>> And if you can't make it, our next outing is on Saturday November 
>>>> 16th in the Ravine.
>>>>
>>>> Wishing all a lovely weekend
>>>> Judy
>>>>
>>>> -- 
>>>> Judy Lipp
>>>> Program Coordinator
>>>> Flying Squirrel Adventures
>>>> https://valleyflyingsquirrel.wordpress.com/
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>       Flying Squirrel Adventures is a free outdoor nature program
>>>>       for young and old in the heart of the Valley.
>>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> BNS mailing list
>>> BNS@nature1st.net <mailto:BNS@nature1st.net>
>>> http://nature1st.