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IE5ldyBSb21hbiIsc2VyaWY7fQ0Kc3Bhbi5FbWF --=_05b105196215e886af95972e4a490279 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Hi Lance; My daughter, April, a forester for DNR has mentioned that the budworms are on the way. She said they're in New Brunswick now, and maybe even as far as the Amherst area. Billy On 13 Apr 2016 15:18, Laviolette, Lance wrote: > Hi Everyone, > > It's been about 40 years since the last spruce budworm outbreak in the Maritimes and this is a good time to discuss its effect on birds. > > As Mary notes, the last incursion of Evening Grosbeaks in Nova Scotia corresponds to a widespread spruce budworm outbreak in the boreal and Maritime forests. Huge numbers of Evening Grosbeaks irrupted out of these forests and were seen in southern Ontario, southern Quebec and the Maritimes in the early-mid seventies. One result of this was that the Evening Grosbeak expanded its breeding to areas where there were no (or few) previous records of them breeding. Most of this new habitat was probably marginally good enough for Evening Grosbeaks. > > The end of this outbreak signalled the end of these irruptive events and the breeding range of Evening Grosbeaks gradually began to retract back to its original extent, with the exception of pockets of better habitat. After 40 years there are few of these left. > > There are a number of other species which are adept at taking advantage of spruce budworm outbreaks. The three 'spruce budworm specialists', as they are often called, are the Bay-breasted Warbler, the Tennessee Warbler, and the Cape May Warbler. There is plenty of literature that you can find documenting their ability to rapidly take advantage of outbreaks. Here's a 2009 paper that describes the huge response to a spruce budworm outbreak that can be observed: > > http://www.ace-eco.org/vol4/iss1/art3/ [1] > > The long term monitoring on Brier Island clearly shows the huge numbers of these three species that were in Nova Scotia in the late 70s and the rapid decline to much lower levels that followed the disappearance of the spruce budworm following the spraying program of the early eighties. A similar pattern to that of the Evening Grosbeaks. > > Forty years is the length of time often mentioned as the time a conifer takes to mature. Interestingly, I've heard that a new budworm outbreak has begun in the Maritimes (any foresters out there who can confirm this?) and the numbers of Cape May Warblers and Bay-breasted Warblers that are showing up on Brier Island in the fall have started to increase. Why Tennessee Warbler numbers have not yet increased is unknown. Perhaps they are slower to take advantage of an outbreak than the other two species or perhaps it is some other factor. > > Only time will confirm whether this is a trend and not a brief spike in numbers and if other species begin to take advantage of it. If it is a trend then Evening Grosbeak numbers may also begin to increase at Nova Scotia feeders in the near future. > > All the best, > > Lance > > LANCE LAVIOLETTE > > Glen Robertson, Ontario > > FROM: naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca [mailto:naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca] ON BEHALF OF Mary Macaulay > SENT: Wednesday, April 13, 2016 11:48 AM > TO: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca > SUBJECT: EXTERNAL: [NatureNS] Evening Grosbeak decline was 2003 - 2016 Feederwatch data > > Here is a great piece with charts and graphs discussing Evening Grosbeak decline and possible cause. Most opinions I've read lean toward decline in spruce budworm as causative. > > http://blog.aba.org/2012/03/what-is-happening-to-evening-grosbeaks.html [2] > > With kindest regards > > Mary (Macaulay), P.Eng. > > Queen Bee, Insect Recovery Project > > Owner, Remember Adventures > > Pedal Buggy & snowshoe rentals, picnics, great bird friendly coffee, breakfast & pasta, pollinator meadow, games & more!! > > (Open Wed to Sunday: 8:30 am) > > 365 Main Street & Station Road > > Trans-Canada Trail > > Tatamagouche > > RememberAdventures.ca [3] & InsectRecovery.org [4] > > 1-902-657-0054 > > Twitter @RememberTata & @InsectRecovery Links: ------ [1] http://www.ace-eco.org/vol4/iss1/art3/ [2] http://blog.aba.org/2012/03/what-is-happening-to-evening-grosbeaks.html [3] http://rememberadventures.ca [4] http://insectrecovery.org --=_05b105196215e886af95972e4a490279 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"> <html><body> <p>Hi Lance;</p> <p>My daughter, April, a forester for DNR has mentioned that the budworms a= re on the way. She said they're in New Brunswick now, and maybe even&= nbsp;as far as the Amherst area.</p> <p>Billy</p> <p>On 13 Apr 2016 15:18, Laviolette, Lance wrote:</p> <blockquote type=3D"cite" style=3D"padding-left:5px; border-left:#1010ff 2p= x solid; margin-left:5px; width:100%"><!-- html ignored --><!-- head ignore= d --><!-- meta ignored --><!-- meta ignored --> <div class=3D"WordSection1"> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Hi Everyone,= <!-- o ignored --></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><!-- o ignor= ed --> </span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">It’s b= een about 40 years since the last spruce budworm outbreak in the Maritimes = and this is a good time to discuss its effect on birds.<!-- o ignored --></= span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><!-- o ignor= ed --> </span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">As Mary note= s, the last incursion of Evening Grosbeaks in Nova Scotia corresponds to a = widespread spruce budworm outbreak in the boreal and Maritime forests. Huge= numbers of Evening Grosbeaks irrupted out of these forests and were seen i= n southern Ontario, southern Quebec and the Maritimes in the early-mid seve= nties. One result of this was that the Evening Grosbeak expanded its breedi= ng to areas where there were no (or few) previous records of them breeding= =2E Most of this new habitat was probably marginally good enough for Evenin= g Grosbeaks.<!-- o ignored --></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><!-- o ignor= ed --> </span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">The end of t= his outbreak signalled the end of these irruptive events and the breeding r= ange of Evening Grosbeaks gradually began to retract back to its original e= xtent, with the exception of pockets of better habitat. After 40 years ther= e are few of these left.<!-- o ignored --></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><!-- o ignor= ed --> </span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">There are a = number of other species which are adept at taking advantage of spruce budwo= rm outbreaks. The three ’spruce budworm specialists’, as they a= re often called, are the Bay-breasted Warbler, the Tennessee Warbler, and t= he Cape May Warbler. There is plenty of literature that you can find docume= nting their ability to rapidly take advantage of outbreaks. Here’s a = 2009 paper that describes the huge response to a spruce budworm outbreak th= at can be observed:<!-- o ignored --></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><a href=3D"h= ttp://www.ace-eco.org/vol4/iss1/art3/">http://www.ace-eco.org/vol4/iss1/art= 3/</a><!-- o ignored --></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><!-- o ignor= ed --> </span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">The long ter= m monitoring on Brier Island clearly shows the huge numbers of these three = species that were in Nova Scotia in the late 70s and the rapid decline to m= uch lower levels that followed the disappearance of the spruce budworm foll= owing the spraying program of the early eighties. A similar pattern to that= of the Evening Grosbeaks.<!-- o ignored --></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><!-- o ignor= ed --> </span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Forty years = is the length of time often mentioned as the time a conifer takes to mature= =2E Interestingly, I’ve heard that a new budworm outbreak has begun i= n the Maritimes (any foresters out there who can confirm this?) and the num= bers of Cape May Warblers and Bay-breasted Warblers that are showing up on = Brier Island in the fall have started to increase. Why Tennessee Warbler nu= mbers have not yet increased is unknown. Perhaps they are slower to take ad= vantage of an outbreak than the other two species or perhaps it is some oth= er factor.<!-- o ignored --></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><!-- o ignor= ed --> </span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Only time wi= ll confirm whether this is a trend and not a brief spike in numbers and if = other species begin to take advantage of it. If it is a trend then Evening = Grosbeak numbers may also begin to increase at Nova Scotia feeders in the n= ear future.<!-- o ignored --></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><!-- o ignor= ed --> </span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">All the best= ,<!-- o ignored --></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><!-- o ignor= ed --> </span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Lance<!-- o = ignored --></span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d;"><!-- o ignored --> </span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><strong><span style=3D"font-size: 14.0pt; font-famil= y: 'Batang',serif; color: #1f497d;">Lance Laviolette<!-- o ignored --></spa= n></strong></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Bata= ng',serif; color: #1f497d;">Glen Robertson, Ontario<!-- o ignored --></span= ></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d;"><!-- o ignored --> </span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><!-- o ignor= ed --> </span></p> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Cali= bri',sans-serif; color: #1f497d; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><!-- o ignor= ed --> </span></p> <div> <div style=3D"border: none; border-top: solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt; padding: 3= =2E0pt 0in 0in 0in;"> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><strong><span style=3D"font-size: 11.0pt; font-famil= y: 'Calibri',sans-serif;">From:</span></strong><span style=3D"font-size: 11= =2E0pt; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif;"> naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca = [mailto:naturens-owner@chebucto.ns.ca] <strong>On Behalf Of </strong>Mary M= acaulay<br /><strong>Sent:</strong> Wednesday, April 13, 2016 11:48 AM<br /= ><strong>To:</strong> naturens@chebucto.ns.ca<br /><strong>Subject:</strong= > EXTERNAL: [NatureNS] Evening Grosbeak decline was 2003 - 2016 Feederwatch= data<!-- o ignored --></span></p> </div> </div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><!-- o ignored --> </p> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Here is a great piece with charts and graphs discuss= ing Evening Grosbeak decline and possible cause. Most opinions I've read le= an toward decline in spruce budworm as causative.<!-- o ignored --></p> </div> <div id=3D"AppleMailSignature"> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><!-- o ignored --> </p> </div> <div id=3D"AppleMailSignature"> <p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom: 12.0pt;"><a href=3D"http://b= log.aba.org/2012/03/what-is-happening-to-evening-grosbeaks.html">http://blo= g.aba.org/2012/03/what-is-happening-to-evening-grosbeaks.html</a><!-- o ign= ored --></p> <div> <div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">With kindest regards<!-- o ignored --></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><br /><br /><!-- o ignored --></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Mary (Macaulay), P.Eng.<!-- o ignored --></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Queen Bee, Insect Recovery Project<!-- o ignored -->= </p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Owner, Remember Adventures<!-- o ignored --></p> </div> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Pedal Buggy & snowshoe rentals, picnics, great b= ird friendly coffee, breakfast & pasta, pollinator meadow, games & = more!! <!-- o ignored --></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">(Open Wed to Sunday: 8:30 am)<!-- o ignored --></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">365 Main Street & Station Road<!-- o ignored -->= </p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Trans-Canada Trail<!-- o ignored --></p> </div> <div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Tatamagouche<!-- o ignored --></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal"><a href=3D"http://rememberadventures.ca">RememberAdv= entures.ca</a> & <a href=3D"http://insectrecovery.org">InsectRecovery= =2Eorg</a><!-- o ignored --></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">1-902-657-0054<!-- o ignored --></p> </div> <div> <p class=3D"MsoNormal">Twitter @RememberTata & @InsectRecovery<!-- o ig= nored --></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </blockquote> <p> </p> <div> </div> </body></html> --=_05b105196215e886af95972e4a490279--
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