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>>> My understanding is that irruption and migration --_000_92470D8023567B4D8D50FBA6E5E9D00F0ECC1955BCHCXMSP1calmco_ Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Jamie asked: >If birds go south in the fall and return north in the spring on a regular = basis aren't they migrating and not irrupting? In the sense that migrating is the periodic movement from one region to ano= ther yes it is. However as Randy wrote I think that we usually apply migrat= ing to an event that takes place on a species wide basis and on an annual b= asis. Using the term irruption implies to me that it isn't necessarily an a= nnual event and that a variable number of the species engage in it. So for = me, the northern species of owls 'irrupt' south periodically while Yellow W= arblers migrate south to Central and South America annually (or more approp= riately, Yellow Warblers migrate north where they spend 4-5 months breeding= ). Also, migration isn't always restricted to a north-south movement, even in = Nova Scotia. Local movements around the province or even concentrations at = certain food sources have been brought up in discussions before on NatureNS= . These qualify as migration under the above definition. There are also lon= ger, west to east movements that for example, result in ducks, grebes, loon= s, etc. wintering off of Nova Scotia's coasts. All the best, Lance --_000_92470D8023567B4D8D50FBA6E5E9D00F0ECC1955BCHCXMSP1calmco_ Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable <html xmlns:v=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o=3D"urn:schemas-micr= osoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" = xmlns:m=3D"http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns=3D"http:= //www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"><head><meta http-equiv=3DContent-Type content= =3D"text/html; charset=3Dus-ascii"><meta name=3DGenerator content=3D"Micros= oft Word 14 (filtered medium)"><style><!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:Cambria; panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;} @font-face {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;} @font-face {font-family:Tahoma; panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";} a:link, span.MsoHyperlink {mso-style-priority:99; color:blue; text-decoration:underline;} a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed {mso-style-priority:99; color:purple; text-decoration:underline;} p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate {mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-link:"Balloon Text Char"; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; font-size:8.0pt; font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";} span.hoenzb {mso-style-name:hoenzb;} span.BalloonTextChar {mso-style-name:"Balloon Text Char"; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-link:"Balloon Text"; font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";} span.EmailStyle20 {mso-style-type:personal-reply; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; color:#1F497D;} .MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";} @page WordSection1 {size:8.5in 11.0in; margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;} div.WordSection1 {page:WordSection1;} --></style><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapedefaults v:ext=3D"edit" spidmax=3D"1026" /> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapelayout v:ext=3D"edit"> <o:idmap v:ext=3D"edit" data=3D"1" /> </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=3DEN-US link=3Dblue vli= nk=3Dpurple><div class=3DWordSection1><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'f= ont-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D'>Jamie asked:<o:p></o:p></span><= /p><div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span style=3D'font-family:"Cambria","= serif";color:#1F497D'>></span></b><span style=3D'font-family:"Cambria","= serif"'>If birds go south in the fall and return north in the spring on a r= egular basis aren't they migrating and not irrupting?</span><span style=3D'= font-family:"Cambria","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><div><div>= <p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",= "sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNorma= l><span style=3D'font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D'>In the sense = that migrating is the periodic movement from one region to another yes it i= s. However as Randy wrote I think that we usually apply migrating to an eve= nt that takes place on a species wide basis and on an annual basis. Using t= he term irruption implies to me that it isn’t necessarily an annual e= vent and that a variable number of the species engage in it. So for me, the= northern species of owls ‘irrupt’ south periodically while Yel= low Warblers migrate south to Central and South America annually (or more a= ppropriately, Yellow Warblers migrate north where they spend 4-5 months bre= eding).<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-famil= y:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=3DM= soNormal><span style=3D'font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D'>Also, = migration isn’t always restricted to a north-south movement, even in = Nova Scotia. Local movements around the province or even concentrations at = certain food sources have been brought up in discussions before on NatureNS= . These qualify as migration under the above definition. There are also lon= ger, west to east movements that for example, result in ducks, grebes, loon= s, etc. wintering off of Nova Scotia’s coasts.<o:p></o:p></span></p><= p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F4= 97D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-f= amily:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D'>All the best,<o:p></o:p></span></p><= p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-family:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F4= 97D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-f= amily:"Cambria","serif";color:#1F497D'>Lance<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></d= iv></div></body></html>= --_000_92470D8023567B4D8D50FBA6E5E9D00F0ECC1955BCHCXMSP1calmco_--