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--Boundary_(ID_IHf8ZLCq4Nq9PghrDS5mEg)
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John Gilhen sent this preliminary response -- thanks, John! Always
complications!? Cheers from Jim
Begin forwarded message:
> From: John Gilhen <GILHENJA@gov.ns.ca>
> Date: July 29, 2008 9:09:26 AM ADT
> To: "James W. Wolford" <jimwolford@eastlink.ca>
> Subject: Re: Fwd: [NatureNS] Frog over-population?
>
> Hi Jim;
> I have been reading much about the frogs but haven't had time to
> respond. I will just as soon as I can get some manuscripts off my
> desk. This Green Frog, Mink Frog, Bull Frog phenomenon is very
> complex so I will need time to respond. I think now that there are
> hybrid Mink Frog X Green Frogs out there and that accounts for some
> of the unusual patterns I have seen, like melanistic Mink Frogs at
> Uniacke Lake. As you know and have said Bull Frogs lack dorso-
> lateral folds or ridges. They hook downward behind the tympanum.
> Cheers
> John
>
>>>> "James W. Wolford" <jimwolford@eastlink.ca> 7/28/2008 5:45 PM >>>
> Steve & Randy & Chris et al.,
>
> Check out the N.S. Herpatlas home page at
>
> http://landscape.acadiau.ca//herpatlas
>
> [Nova Scotia Herpetofaunal Atlas Project ("herpatlas")] -- see
> links to species names and identification tips and photos and calls
> etc. etc.
>
> P.S. Randy's "ribbit" fits only the Pacific Treefrog, thus is
> humorous but out of place here.
>
> Steve's comments on the Northern Leopard Frog are interesting -- I
> have no up-to-date information, but I believe the cause of the
> decline which started or happened a decade or two ago is still
> unknown, and very unlikely to involve the chytrid fungus that infects
> amphibians' skin all over the world now, including western Canada and
> western states.
>
> Here is some quoted information from "Reptiles and Amphibians of
> Canada" by Chris Fisher, Amanda Joynt, & Ronald J. Brooks -- 2007,
> Lone Pine Publishing:
>
> "During the mid- to late 1970s, [the Northern Leopard Frog]
> experienced localized extinctions that were more extreme and
> widespread as one went west from Ontario. The reasons for the
> decline remain simply guesses. In some areas populations have
> recovered, but elsewhere, especially in British Columbia, [it] has
> not recovered. Although some amphibians are well known to be in
> decline, it is alarming that one of the most conspicuous frogs in
> Canada should also be in decline, particularly because there is no
> explanation for it."
>
> The ground colour of N.S. Leopard Frogs is quite variable but usually
> a fairly bright green, with brownish much less common -- latter
> colour or grayish is more common in Pickerel Frog.
>
> Back on the Green vs. Bull Frogs, another species for confusion is
> the Mink Frog, which is sometimes difficult to tell from the Green
> Frog -- see tips in field guides or herpatlas site re colour and
> broken dorsolateral ridges and calls like "cut,cut,cut...".
>
> I'm forwarding to John Gilhen and Fred Scott for possible comments.
>
> Cheers from Jim
>
> Begin forwarded message:
>
>> From: Randy Lauff <randy.lauff@gmail.com>
>> Date: July 28, 2008 5:02:19 PM ADT
>> To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca
>> Subject: Re: [NatureNS] Frog over-population?
>> Reply-To: naturens@chebucto.ns.ca
>>
>> Steve,
>>
>> The Green Frog is Rana clamitans (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
>> Image:Green_Frog_Rana_clamitans_2448px.jpg). It is relatively
>> common (up my way anyway) and is easily localized by its banjo-like
>> call. The Green Frog is more aquatic than the Leopard Frog, which I
>> routinely find on land.
>>
>> Ribbit!
>>
>>
>> 2008/7/28 Stephen Shaw <srshaw@dal.ca>
>> OK but what's a "green frog"?
>> I think this nomenclature started on this current thread with Jim,
>> but as a
>> resident alien species (me not the frog), I'd not heard that name
>> before. Do
>> you mean the usually-named Northern Leopard Frog (Rana pipiens),
>> aka meadow or
>> grass frog, or is Green Frog a different species? If it is the
>> same species
>> (R. pipiens), is Green Frog a colloquial name restricted to the
>> Maritimes? On
>> the appropriateness of the name if it is the same as R. pipiens,
>> the base
>> colour (on which there are usually spots superimposed) often is not
>> green but
>> light brown, as someone else remarked earlier.
>>
>> On the original question of overpopulation, R. pipiens has almost
>> disappeared in
>> western Canada (BC and AB) since the 70s, but seems not to be
>> threatened in
>> central Canada; not sure about the Maritimes. The cause of western
>> decline in
>> this particular species seems uncertain from the little I've read.
>> Maybe also
>> a chytrid (spelling?) problem spread originally from clawed frog
>> Xenopus to
>> other amphibians, or else a debilitating trematode parasite? Does
>> anyone on
>> NNS have specialist info on the cause of decline for this species,
>> as opposed
>> to that for amphibians generally, worldwide?
>> Steve
>>
>> Randy
>> 'gonish.
>
--Boundary_(ID_IHf8ZLCq4Nq9PghrDS5mEg)
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<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">
John Gilhen sent this preliminary response -- thanks, John! =A0Always =
complications!? =A0Cheers from Jim<br><div><br><div>Begin forwarded =
message:</div><br class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face=3D"Helvetica" =
size=3D"3" color=3D"#000000" style=3D"font: 12.0px Helvetica; color: =
#000000"><b>From: </b></font><font face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3" =
style=3D"font: 12.0px Helvetica">John Gilhen <<a =
href=3D"mailto:GILHENJA@gov.ns.ca">GILHENJA@gov.ns.ca</a>></font></div><di=
v style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; "><font face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3" color=3D"#000000" =
style=3D"font: 12.0px Helvetica; color: #000000"><b>Date: =
</b></font><font face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3" style=3D"font: 12.0px =
Helvetica">July 29, 2008 9:09:26 AM ADT</font></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; "><font face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3" color=3D"#000000" =
style=3D"font: 12.0px Helvetica; color: #000000"><b>To: </b></font><font =
face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3" style=3D"font: 12.0px Helvetica">"James W. =
Wolford" <<a =
href=3D"mailto:jimwolford@eastlink.ca">jimwolford@eastlink.ca</a>></font><=
/div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: =
0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3" =
color=3D"#000000" style=3D"font: 12.0px Helvetica; color: =
#000000"><b>Subject: </b></font><font face=3D"Helvetica" size=3D"3" =
style=3D"font: 12.0px Helvetica"><b>Re: Fwd: [NatureNS] Frog =
over-population?</b></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: =
14px; "><br></div> <div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Hi Jim;</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">I have been reading much about the frogs but haven't =
had time to respond. I will just as soon as I can get some manuscripts =
off my desk. This Green Frog, Mink Frog, Bull Frog phenomenon is very =
complex so I will need time to respond. I think now that there are =
hybrid Mink Frog X Green Frogs out there and that accounts for some of =
the unusual patterns I have seen, like melanistic Mink Frogs at Uniacke =
Lake. As you know and have said Bull Frogs lack dorso-lateral folds or =
ridges. They hook downward behind the tympanum.</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Cheers<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
">John</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div> =
<blockquote type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">"James W. Wolford" <<a =
href=3D"mailto:jimwolford@eastlink.ca">jimwolford@eastlink.ca</a>> =
7/28/2008 5:45 PM >>></div> </blockquote></blockquote></blockquote><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Steve & Randy & Chris et al.,</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Check =
out the N.S. Herpatlas home page at</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: =
14px; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </span><a =
href=3D"http://landscape.acadiau.ca//herpatlas">http://landscape.acadiau.c=
a//herpatlas</a><span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div=
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </span>[Nova Scotia Herpetofaunal =
Atlas Project ("herpatlas")] -- see <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">links to =
species names and identification tips and photos and calls <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">etc. =
etc.</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">P.S. Randy's "ribbit" fits only the Pacific =
Treefrog, thus is <span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><d=
iv style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">humorous but out of place here.</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Steve's =
comments on the Northern Leopard Frog are interesting -- I <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">have no =
up-to-date information, but I believe the cause of the <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">decline =
which started or happened a decade or two ago is still <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">unknown, =
and very unlikely to involve the chytrid fungus that infects <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
">amphibians' skin all over the world now, including western Canada and =
<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">western states.</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: =
14px; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Here is some quoted information =
from "Reptiles and Amphibians of <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Canada" =
by Chris Fisher, Amanda Joynt, & Ronald J. Brooks -- 2007, <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Lone =
Pine Publishing:</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">"During the mid- to late 1970s, [the Northern =
Leopard Frog] <span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">experienced localized extinctions that were more =
extreme and <span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">widespread as one went west from Ontario.<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </span>The reasons for the <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">decline =
remain simply guesses.<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 =
</span>In some areas populations have <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
">recovered, but elsewhere, especially in British Columbia, [it] has =
<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">not recovered.<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0=
</span>Although some amphibians are well known to be in <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">decline, =
it is alarming that one of the most conspicuous frogs in <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Canada =
should also be in decline, particularly because there is no <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
">explanation for it."</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: =
0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; =
"><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">The ground colour of N.S. =
Leopard Frogs is quite variable but usually <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">a fairly =
bright green, with brownish much less common -- latter <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">colour =
or grayish is more common in Pickerel Frog.</div><div style=3D"margin-top:=
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Back on the =
Green vs. Bull Frogs, another species for confusion is <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">the Mink =
Frog, which is sometimes difficult to tell from the Green <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Frog -- =
see tips in field guides or herpatlas site re colour and <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">broken =
dorsolateral ridges and calls like "cut,cut,cut...".</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">I'm =
forwarding to John Gilhen and Fred Scott for possible =
comments.</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Cheers from Jim</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: =
14px; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Begin forwarded =
message:</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div> =
<blockquote type=3D"cite"><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: =
0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">From: Randy Lauff <<a =
href=3D"mailto:randy.lauff@gmail.com">randy.lauff@gmail.com</a>></div><div=
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Date: July 28, 2008 5:02:19 PM ADT</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">To: <a =
href=3D"mailto:naturens@chebucto.ns.ca">naturens@chebucto.ns.ca</a><span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Subject: =
Re: [NatureNS] Frog over-population?</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Reply-To: <a =
href=3D"mailto:naturens@chebucto.ns.ca">naturens@chebucto.ns.ca</a><span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
">Steve,</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">The Green Frog is Rana clamitans (<a =
href=3D"http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/">http://commons.wikimedia.org/w=
iki/</a><span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Image:Green_Frog_Rana_clamitans_2448px.jpg). It is =
relatively <span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">common (up my way anyway) and is easily localized by =
its banjo-like <span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">call. The Green Frog is more aquatic than the =
Leopard Frog, which I <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
">routinely find on land.</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: =
14px; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Ribbit!</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">2008/7/28 =
Stephen Shaw <<a =
href=3D"mailto:srshaw@dal.ca">srshaw@dal.ca</a>></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">OK but what's a "green frog"?</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">I think this nomenclature started on this current =
thread with Jim, <span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><di=
v style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">but as a</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">resident =
alien species (me not the frog), I'd not heard that name <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
">before.<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </span>Do</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">you mean the usually-named Northern Leopard Frog =
(Rana pipiens), <span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div=
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">aka meadow or</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">grass frog, =
or is Green Frog a different species?<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </span>If it is the <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">same =
species</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">(R. pipiens), is Green Frog a =
colloquial name restricted to the <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
">Maritimes?<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 =
</span>On</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">the appropriateness of the name =
if it is the same as R. pipiens, <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">the =
base</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">colour (on which there are =
usually spots superimposed) often is not <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">green =
but</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">light brown, as someone else =
remarked earlier.</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">On the original question of overpopulation, R. =
pipiens has almost <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
">disappeared in</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">western Canada (BC and AB) since =
the 70s, but seems not to be <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
">threatened in</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">central Canada; not sure about =
the Maritimes. The cause of western <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">decline =
in</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: =
0px; margin-left: 0px; ">this particular species seems uncertain from =
the little I've read.<span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 =
=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Maybe also</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">a chytrid (spelling?) problem spread originally from =
clawed frog <span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Xenopus to</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">other =
amphibians, or else a debilitating trematode parasite?<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0 </span>Does <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">anyone =
on</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: =
0px; margin-left: 0px; ">NNS have specialist info on the cause of =
decline for this species, <span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">=A0</span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">as =
opposed</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">to that for amphibians =
generally, worldwide?</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: =
0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Steve</div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
">Randy</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">'gonish.</div> </blockquote><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><br></div> =
</blockquote></div><br></body></html>=
--Boundary_(ID_IHf8ZLCq4Nq9PghrDS5mEg)--
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