Long & boring perhaps: was Re: [NatureNS] Digital measurements

Date: Tue, 05 Dec 2006 12:20:36 -0400
From: David & Alison Webster <dwebster@glinx.com>
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Steve Shaw wrote:

> Most likely with only 91 samples (not that many), it is going to look 
> noisy, but
> when plotted, the result is actually quite striking and rather 
> simple.  The
> counts at all the even-numbered sample points (178, 180 etc) give a 
> reasonable,
> normal-looking distribution of values centered on Dave = 180 lb, a bit 
> skewed
> towards the low end.  By contrast, the counts at all the odd-numbered 
> samples
> (181, 183...) are relatively small and most are actually zero.  So the 
> scale appears
> to be counting in twos (almost). 

Hi Steve, Peter, Patrick & All,            Dec 5, 2006
    The executive summary, as they say, is battery fatigue. And the 
short answer to 'why bother ?' is (a1)  that much of our experience now 
passes through digital filters and (a2) much of nature is a puzzle.

    This tendency for a low incidence of odd weights was what led me to 
wonder about this in the first place and tabulate some of them.

    The various comments, including 91 being too few weights, got me 
past the energy barrier enough to tabulate all weights and look for 
possible mechanisms. Fot the total of 254 weights, only 47 were odd; the 
full array being--
192,1; 191,0; 190,1; 189,1; 188,3; 187,0; 186,4; 185,2; 184,11; 183,1; 
182,21; 181,2; 180,29; 179,8; 178,24; 177,4; 176,43; 175,10; 174,16; 
173,4; 172,21; 171,9; 170,8; 169,4; 168,16; 167,2; 166,8.

     To proceed further, some shorthand is indicated. The question is 
"V>x ?" represents "Does the output voltage of the transducer exceed the 
voltage that would be generated by a weight of x pounds ?"  [Note that 
bathroom scales don't measure mass but weight. If you were in orbit then 
your mass would remain unchanged but the bathroom scales would say 
correctly that your weight was zero (if they worked correctly)].

    For a thumbnail reminder of how numbers are represented by digital 
switches and a key to additional jargon that I will use in this 
schematic representation of possible mechanism--  The output register is 
assumed to be 8 digital switches in which switches 1 to 8 (bits 1 to 8) 
represent the numbers 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 & 128 respectively. Note 
that all numbers between 1 & 255 can be represented by combinations of 
these 8 values. If for example only bits 8 and 6 are set to 1, then the 
binary number is 00000101 which represents 32+128= 160. 

   This unit runs on a 9 volt battery so circuit operations must be kept 
to a minimum. If the circuit logic worked from low to high (Is V>1 ?, if 
yes set bit 1; Is V>2 ?, If yes reset bit 1 and set bit 2...) it would 
use a lot of power asking stupid questions, activating redundant 
circuits and flicking gates on and off many times.

    Therefore the circuit should work from high to low--
Is V>128 ? If yes then set bit 8 & goto B if no then is V>64 ?...; (B) 
Is V>(128 + 64) ? If yes then set bit 7 & goto C..., if no then is 
V>128+32 ?... The outcome of each test determines whether a bit will be 
set or not and also determines which branch of the circuit will next be 
used. So the last bit to be processed will be bit 1.

    If output voltage decreases, due to battery fatigue, while these 
necessary 8 questions are satisfied then even if there initially was 
enough output voltage to set bit 1 with some left over, in addition to 
all the other set bits,  the voltage may have dropped too low to set bit 
1 by the time question 8 is asked.  

    One could test this idea by wiring a second 9 volt battery in 
parallel with the usual. This would take a fair amount of haywire, so as 
a first step I am running this past Naturens and as a second action will 
run it past a friend who has extensive electronics background.


Yours truly, Dave Webster, Kentville


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